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J Am Coll Cardiol, 2005; 46:2244-2249, doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.05.094 © 2005 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation |
Cardiovascular Imaging and Clinical Research Core Laboratory, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
Manuscript received October 19, 2004; revised manuscript received April 5, 2005, accepted May 3, 2005.
* Reprint requests and correspondence: Alan D. Waggoner, MHS, Cardiovascular Division, Box 8086, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 (Email: waggonera{at}msnotes.wustl.edu).
OBJECTIVES: To determine the short-term effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on measurements of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in patients with severe heart failure.
BACKGROUND: Cardiac resynchronization therapy improves systolic performance; however, the effects on diastolic function by load-dependent pulsed-wave Doppler transmitral indices has been variable.
METHODS: Fifty patients with severe heart failure were evaluated by two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography immediately prior to and 4 ± 1 month after CRT. Measurements included LV volumes and ejection fraction (EF), pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD)-derived transmitral filling indices (E- and A-wave velocities, E/A ratio, deceleration time [DT], diastolic filling time [DFT], and isovolumic relaxation time). Tissue Doppler imaging was used for measurements of systolic and diastolic (Em) velocities at four mitral annular sites; mitral E-wave/Em ratio was calculated to estimate LV filling pressure. Color M-mode flow propagation velocities were also obtained.
RESULTS: After CRT, LV volumes decreased significantly (p < 0.001) and LVEF increased >5% in 28 of 50 patients (56%) and were accompanied by reduction in PWD mitral E-wave velocity and E/A ratio (both p < 0.01), increased DT and DFT (both p < 0.01), and lower filling pressures (i.e., E-wave/Em septal; p < 0.01). Patients with LVEF response
5% after CRT had no significant changes in measurements of diastolic function; LV relaxation (i.e., Em velocities) worsened in this group.
CONCLUSIONS: In heart failure patients receiving CRT, improvement in LV diastolic function is coupled to the improvement in LV systolic function.
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