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J Am Coll Cardiol, 2005; 46:147-154, doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.03.071
© 2005 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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EXPEDITED REVIEW

Quantification of Obstructive and Nonobstructive Coronary Lesions by 64-Slice Computed Tomography

A Comparative Study With Quantitative Coronary Angiography and Intravascular Ultrasound

Alexander W. Leber, MD*,*, Andreas Knez, MD*, Franz von Ziegler, MD*, Alexander Becker, MD*, Konstantin Nikolaou, MD{dagger}, Stephan Paul, MD*, Bernd Wintersperger, MD{dagger}, Maximilian Reiser, MD{dagger}, Christoph R. Becker, MD{dagger}, Gerhard Steinbeck, MD* and Peter Boekstegers, MD*

Department of Cardiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
{dagger} Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Manuscript received December 16, 2004; revised manuscript received February 28, 2005, accepted March 10, 2005.

* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Alexander W. Leber, MD, University of Munich, Klinikum Grosshadern, Medizinische Klinik I, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 München, Germany. (Email: aleber{at}med.uni-muenchen.de).

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography (CT) to identify and quantify atherosclerotic coronary lesions in comparison with catheter-based angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

BACKGROUND: Currently, the ability of multislice CT to quantify the degree of coronary artery stenosis and dimensions of coronary plaques has not been evaluated.

METHODS: We included 59 patients scheduled for coronary angiography due to stable angina pectoris. A contrast-enhanced 64-slice CT (Senation 64, Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) was performed before the invasive angiogram. In a subset of 18 patients, IVUS of 32 vessels was part of the catheterization procedure.

RESULTS: In 55 of 59 patients, 64-slice CT enabled the visualization of the entire coronary tree with diagnostic image quality (American Heart Association 15-segment model). The overall correlation between the degree of stenosis detected by quantitative coronary angiography compared with 64-slice CT was r = 0.54. Sensitivity for the detection of stenosis <50%, stenosis >50%, and stenosis >75% was 79%, 73%, and 80%, respectively, and specificity was 97%. In comparison with IVUS, 46 of 55 (84%) lesions were identified correctly. The mean plaque areas and the percentage of vessel obstruction measured by IVUS and 64-slice CT were 8.1 mm2 versus 7.3 mm2 (p < 0.03, r = 0.73) and 50.4% versus 41.1% (p < 0.001, r = 0.61), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Contrast-enhanced 64-slice CT is a clinically robust modality that allows the identification of proximal coronary lesions with excellent accuracy. Measurements of plaque and lumen areas derived by CT correlated well with IVUS. A major limitation is the insufficient ability of CT to exactly quantify the degree of stenosis.

Abbreviations and Acronyms
  CSA = cross-sectional area
  CT = computed tomography
  EEM = external elastic membrane
  IVUS = intravascular ultrasound
  LAD = left anterior descending artery
  LCX = left circumflex artery
  MSCT = multislice computed tomography
  QCA = quantitative coronary angiography
  RCA = right coronary artery


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