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ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES

Proteomic analysis of plasma from patients during an acute coronary syndrome

Petra J. Mateos-Cáceres, PhD^*, Antonio García-Méndez, PhD^*, Antonio López Farré, PhD^*, Carlos Macaya, MD, PhD^*, Antonio Núñez, MD, PhD,^*, Juan Gómez, MD, PhD^*, Sergio Alonso-Orgaz, PhD^*, Carolina Carrasco, PhD^*, Marta Escribano Burgos, PhD^*, Raimundo de Andrés, MD, Juan J. Granizo, MD, Jerónimo Farré, MD,^* and Luis A. Rico, MD, PhD^*,*

^* Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
Emergency Unit
Epidemiology Department, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain

Manuscript received December 16, 2003; revised manuscript received April 21, 2004, accepted June 16, 2004.

^* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Luis A. Rico, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avda. Reyes Catolicos, 2, Madrid 28040, Spain (Email: rico{at}fjd.es).

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze modifications in the plasma protein map during an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) using proteomics.

BACKGROUND: Proteomics is a new technology that allows the detection and identification of several proteins at a given time in a sample.

METHODS: Plasma from 19 patients, 11 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 8 with unstable angina (UA), was investigated. The control group included nine age-matched volunteers.

RESULTS: In two-dimensional electrophoresis using a pH range of 4 to 7, constant differences were found in at least four different areas within the plasma protein map. In area 1, we identified the presence of seven alpha₁-antitrypsin (AAT) isoforms in plasma from control subjects. alpha₁-antitrypsin isoform 1 was undetectable in plasma from UA and AMI patients. The AAT isoforms 5, 6, and 7 were reduced in plasma from AMI patients when compared with UA patients. Three fibrinogen gamma chain isoforms were identified in area 2. Fibrinogen gamma chain isoforms 1 and 2 were increased in AMI patients with respect to UA patients. Five apolipoprotein A-I isoforms were identified in area 3. All of them were reduced in plasma from AMI patients with respect to UA patients. In area 4, the -immunoglobulin heavy chains were detected and were found increased in plasma from ACS patients.

CONCLUSIONS: Plasma proteomic analysis makes it possible to develop a map of the protein isoforms that are expressed in plasma during an ACS.

Abbreviations and Acronyms   AAT = alpha1-antitrypsin   ACS = acute coronary syndrome   AMI = acute myocardial infarction   Apo A-I = apolipoprotein A-I   2-DE = bidimensional electrophoresis   MALDI-TOF MS = matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry   MS/MS = tandem mass spectrometry   UA = unstable angina

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