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CLINICAL RESEARCH: CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Exercise release of cardiac natriuretic peptides is markedly enhanced when patients with coronary artery disease are treated medically by beta-blockers

Pierre-Yves Marie, MD^*,*, Paul M. Mertes, MD, Nathalie Hassan-Sebbag, MD^*, Nicole de Talence, MD, Karim Djaballah, MD, Wassila Djaballah, MD^*, Johan Friberg, MD^*, Pierre Olivier, MD^*, Gilles Karcher, MD^*, Faïez Zannad, MD and Alain Bertrand, MD^*

^* Nuclear Medicine, UPRES EA 3447, Nancy, France
Physiology, UPRES EA 3447, Nancy, France
Cardiology, UPRES EA 3447, Nancy, France

Manuscript received March 25, 2003; revised manuscript received July 2, 2003, accepted July 7, 2003.

^* Reprint requests and correspondence: Prof. Pierre-Yves Marie, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, CHU Nancy-Brabois, 54511 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France.
py.marie{at}chu-nancy.fr

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to identify determinants of the exercise rise in plasma levels of cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

BACKGROUND: During stress, there is a variable rise in the plasma level of NPs, but this rise frequently reaches levels that are known to lower the cardiac load and that thus might be beneficial to CAD patients.

METHODS: Plasma venous concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined at rest and peak exercise in 104 patients with chronic CAD who were referred to exercise thallium-201 (²⁰¹Tl) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and radionuclide angiography.

RESULTS: The extent of scarred myocardium by ²⁰¹Tl-SPECT and patient age were the best independent predictors of NP concentrations at rest, but also of increases in NP concentration during exercise (all p < 0.001). Moreover, beta-blocking treatment was an additional and strong independent predictor of the increase in NP concentrations at exercise (p < 0.001 for ANP; p = 0.001 for BNP). On average, exercise increases in NP concentrations were more than twice as high in patients with (n = 55) than in those without (n = 49) beta-blocker treatment (ANP: +49 ± 63 vs. +22 ± 25 ng/l, p = 0.01; BNP: +24 ± 5 vs. +11 ± 15 ng/l, p = 0.04), whereas NP concentrations at rest were equivalent in the two groups (ANP: 34 ± 34 vs. 30 ± 33 ng/l, p = NS; BNP: 85 ± 152 vs. 57 ± 101 ng/l, p = NS).

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with chronic CAD exhibit much higher exercise releases of ANP and BNP when they are treated with beta-blockers. This enhanced secretion of potent vasodilating and natriuretic agents constitutes an original therapeutic mechanism for further protecting diseased hearts against stress.

Abbreviations and Acronyms   ANP = atrial natriuretic peptide   BNP = brain natriuretic peptide   CAD = coronary artery disease   HR = heart rate   LV = left ventricular   LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction   NP = natriuretic peptide   RNA = radionuclide angiography   SPECT = single-photon emission computed tomography   201Tl = thallium-201

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