CLINICAL RESEARCH: CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Catheter-Based intramyocardial injection of autologous skeletal myoblasts as a primary treatment of ischemic heart failure
Clinical experience with Six-Month Follow-Up
Pieter C. Smits, MD, PhD*,*,
Robert-Jan M. van Geuns, MD, PhD ,
Don Poldermans, MD, PhD*,
Manolis Bountioukos, MD*,
Emile E. M. Onderwater*,
Chi Hang Lee, MD*,
Alex P. W. M. Maat, MD* and
Patrick W. Serruys, MD, PhD*
* Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Manuscript received April 16, 2003;
accepted June 4, 2003.
* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Pieter C. Smits, Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Room Bd 412, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
p.c.smits{at}erasmusmc.nl
OBJECTIVES: We report on the procedural and six-month results of the first percutaneous and stand-alone study on myocardial repair with autologous skeletal myoblasts.
BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies have shown that skeletal myoblast transplantation to injured myocardium can partially restore left ventricular (LV) function.
METHODS: In a pilot safety and feasibility study of five patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) after an anterior wall infarction, autologous skeletal myoblasts were obtained from the quadriceps muscle and cultured in vitro for cell expansion. After a culturing process, 296 ± 199 million cells were harvested (positive desmin staining 55 ± 30%). With a NOGA-guided catheter system (Biosense-Webster, Waterloo, Belgium), 196 ± 105 million cells were transendocardially injected into the infarcted area. Electrocardiographic and LV function assessment was done by Holter monitoring, LV angiography, nuclear radiography, dobutamine stress echocardiography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
RESULTS: All cell transplantation procedures were uneventful, and no serious adverse events occurred during follow-up. One patient received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator after transplantation because of asymptomatic runs of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. Compared with baseline, the LV ejection fraction increased from 36 ± 11% to 41 ± 9% (3 months, p = 0.009) and 45 ± 8% (6 months, p = 0.23). Regional wall analysis by MRI showed significantly increased wall thickening at the target areas and less wall thickening in remote areas (wall thickening at target areas vs. 3 months follow-up: 0.9 ± 2.3 mm vs. 1.8 ± 2.4 mm, p = 0.008).
CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study is the first to demonstrate the potential and feasibility of percutaneous skeletal myoblast delivery as a stand-alone procedure for myocardial repair in patients with post-infarction HF. More data are needed to confirm its safety.
|
Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | DSE | = dobutamine stress echocardiography | | ECG | = electrocardiogram | | HF | = heart failure | | ICD | = implantable cardioverter-defibrillator | | LAO | = left anterior oblique | | LV | = left ventricle/ventricular | | LVEF | = left ventricular ejection fraction | | MRI | = magnetic resonance imaging | | NSVT | = non-sustained ventricular tachycardia | | RAO | = right anterior oblique | | TDI | = tissue Doppler imaging |
|
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
J. L. Herrmann, A. M. Abarbanell, B. R. Weil, Y. Wang, M. Wang, J. Tan, and D. R. Meldrum
Cell-based therapy for ischemic heart disease: a clinical update.
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
November 1, 2009;
88(5):
1714 - 1722.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Gavira, E. Nasarre, G. Abizanda, M. Perez-Ilzarbe, A. de Martino-Rodriguez, J. A. Garcia de Jalon, M. Mazo, A. Macias, I. Garcia-Bolao, B. Pelacho, et al.
Repeated implantation of skeletal myoblast in a swine model of chronic myocardial infarction
Eur. Heart J.,
August 22, 2009;
(2009)
ehp342v1.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Macia and P. A. Boyden
Stem Cell Therapy Is Proarrhythmic
Circulation,
April 7, 2009;
119(13):
1814 - 1823.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Q. Ly and S. Nattel
Stem Cells Are Not Proarrhythmic: Letting the Genie out of the Bottle
Circulation,
April 7, 2009;
119(13):
1824 - 1831.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Salmons
Cardiac assistance from skeletal muscle: a reappraisal
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.,
February 1, 2009;
35(2):
204 - 213.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Dib, J. Dinsmore, Z. Lababidi, B. White, S. Moravec, A. Campbell, A. Rosenbaum, K. Seyedmadani, W. A. Jaber, C. S. Rizenhour, et al.
One-Year Follow-Up of Feasibility and Safety of the First U.S., Randomized, Controlled Study Using 3-Dimensional Guided Catheter-Based Delivery of Autologous Skeletal Myoblasts for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (CAuSMIC Study)
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Intv.,
January 1, 2009;
2(1):
9 - 16.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Zhao, Y. Sun, L. Xia, A. Chen, and Z. Wang
Randomized Study of Mononuclear Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation in Patients With Coronary Surgery
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
December 1, 2008;
86(6):
1833 - 1840.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Guo, H. Kh. Haider, C. Wang, R.-S. Tan, W. S.N. Shim, P. Wong, and E. K.W. Sim
Myoblast Transplantation for Cardiac Repair: From Automyoblast to Allomyoblast Transplantation
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
December 1, 2008;
86(6):
1841 - 1848.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kische, C. A. Nienaber, and H. Ince
Clinical view on experimental stem cell and cytokine research in cardiac disease
Eur. Heart J. Suppl.,
December 1, 2008;
10(suppl_K):
K2 - K6.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Gavira, G. Abizanda, M. Perez-Ilzarbe, D. Martinez-Caro, E. Nasarre, A. Perez-Ruiz, and F. Prosper
Skeletal myoblasts for cardiac repair in animal models
Eur. Heart J. Suppl.,
December 1, 2008;
10(suppl_K):
K11 - K15.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Perez-Ilzarbe, O. Agbulut, B. Pelacho, C. Ciorba, E. S. Jose-Eneriz, M. Desnos, A. A. Hagege, P. Aranda, E. J. Andreu, P. Menasche, et al.
Characterization of the paracrine effects of human skeletal myoblasts transplanted in infarcted myocardium
Eur J Heart Fail,
November 1, 2008;
10(11):
1065 - 1072.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Coppen, S. Fukushima, Y. Shintani, K. Takahashi, A. Varela-Carver, H. Salem, K. Yashiro, M. H. Yacoub, and K. Suzuki
A Factor Underlying Late-Phase Arrhythmogenicity After Cell Therapy to the Heart: Global Downregulation of Connexin43 in the Host Myocardium After Skeletal Myoblast Transplantation
Circulation,
September 30, 2008;
118(14_suppl_1):
S138 - S144.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Veltman, O. I.I. Soliman, M. L. Geleijnse, W. B. Vletter, P. C. Smits, F. J. ten Cate, L. J. Jordaens, A. H.H.M. Balk, P. W. Serruys, E. Boersma, et al.
Four-year follow-up of treatment with intramyocardial skeletal myoblasts injection in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy
Eur. Heart J.,
June 1, 2008;
29(11):
1386 - 1396.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Gerosa and C. d'Agostino
Cell therapy in ischemic settings: Fact and fiction.
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.,
May 1, 2008;
135(5):
986 - 990.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Fotuhi, Y.-H. Song, and E. Alt
Electrophysiological consequence of adipose-derived stem cell transplantation in infarcted porcine myocardium
Europace,
December 1, 2007;
9(12):
1218 - 1221.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Guo, H. Kh. Haider, W. S.N. Shim, R.-S. Tan, L. Ye, S. Jiang, P. K. Law, P. Wong, and E. K.W. Sim
Myoblast-based cardiac repair: xenomyoblast versus allomyoblast transplantation.
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.,
November 1, 2007;
134(5):
1332 - 1339.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L.M.A. Beeres, F. M. Bengel, J. Bartunek, D. E. Atsma, J. M. Hill, M. Vanderheyden, M. Penicka, M. J. Schalij, W. Wijns, and J. J. Bax
Role of Imaging in Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
March 20, 2007;
49(11):
1137 - 1148.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. G. Katritsis, P. Sotiropoulou, E. Giazitzoglou, E. Karvouni, and M. Papamichail
Electrophysiological effects of intracoronary transplantation of autologous mesenchymal and endothelial progenitor cells
Europace,
March 1, 2007;
9(3):
167 - 171.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Wisel, S. M. Chacko, M. L. Kuppusamy, R. P. Pandian, M. Khan, V. K. Kutala, R. W. Burry, B. Sun, P. Kwiatkowski, and P. Kuppusamy
Labeling of skeletal myoblasts with a novel oxygen-sensing spin probe for noninvasive monitoring of in situ oxygenation and cell therapy in heart
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,
March 1, 2007;
292(3):
H1254 - H1261.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. R. Smith, L. Barile, H. C. Cho, M. K. Leppo, J. M. Hare, E. Messina, A. Giacomello, M. R. Abraham, and E. Marban
Regenerative Potential of Cardiosphere-Derived Cells Expanded From Percutaneous Endomyocardial Biopsy Specimens
Circulation,
February 20, 2007;
115(7):
896 - 908.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Lipiecki, N. Durel, and J. Ponsonnaille
Which patients with ischaemic heart disease could benefit from cell replacement therapy?
Eur. Heart J. Suppl.,
December 1, 2006;
8(suppl_H):
H3 - H7.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Widimsky, M. Penicka, O. Lang, T. Kozak, Z. Motovska, R. Jirmar, and M. Aschermann
Intracoronary transplantation of bone marrow stem cells: background, techniques, and limitations
Eur. Heart J. Suppl.,
December 1, 2006;
8(suppl_H):
H16 - H22.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Siminiak, E. Meliga, O. Jerzykowska, and P. W. Serruys
Percutaneous transplantation of skeletal myoblast in the treatment of post-infarction injury
Eur. Heart J. Suppl.,
December 1, 2006;
8(suppl_H):
H57 - H64.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. de Silva, L. F. Gutierrez, A. N. Raval, E. R. McVeigh, C. Ozturk, and R. J. Lederman
X-Ray Fused With Magnetic Resonance Imaging (XFM) to Target Endomyocardial Injections: Validation in a Swine Model of Myocardial Infarction
Circulation,
November 28, 2006;
114(22):
2342 - 2350.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Ben-Dor, S. Fuchs, and R. Kornowski
Potential Hazards and Technical Considerations Associated With Myocardial Cell Transplantation Protocols for Ischemic Myocardial Syndrome
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
October 17, 2006;
48(8):
1519 - 1526.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Biagini, M. Valgimigli, P. C. Smits, D. Poldermans, A. F.L. Schinkel, V. Rizzello, E. E.M. Onderwater-, M. Bountioukos, and P. W. Serruys
Stress and tissue Doppler echocardiographic evidence of effectiveness of myoblast transplantation in patients with ischaemic heart failure
Eur J Heart Fail,
October 1, 2006;
8(6):
641 - 648.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Agbulut, M. Mazo, C. Bressolle, M. Gutierrez, K. Azarnoush, L. Sabbah, N. Niederlander, G. Abizanda, E. J. Andreu, B. Pelacho, et al.
Can bone marrow-derived multipotent adult progenitor cells regenerate infarcted myocardium?
Cardiovasc Res,
October 1, 2006;
72(1):
175 - 183.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Caspi and L. Gepstein
Stem cells for myocardial repair
Eur. Heart J. Suppl.,
September 1, 2006;
8(suppl_E):
E43 - E54.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Gavira, M. Perez-Ilzarbe, G. Abizanda, A. Garcia-Rodriguez, J. Orbe, J. A. Paramo, M. Belzunce, G. Rabago, J. Barba, J. Herreros, et al.
A comparison between percutaneous and surgical transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblasts in a swine model of chronic myocardial infarction
Cardiovasc Res,
September 1, 2006;
71(4):
744 - 753.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. J. Boyle, S. P. Schulman, and J. M. Hare
Stem Cell Therapy for Cardiac Repair: Ready for the Next Step
Circulation,
July 25, 2006;
114(4):
339 - 352.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Oettgen
Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy: Need for Optimization of Efficacy and Safety Monitoring
Circulation,
July 25, 2006;
114(4):
353 - 358.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Siepe, M.-N. Giraud, M. Pavlovic, C. Receputo, F. Beyersdorf, P. Menasche, T. Carrel, and H. T. Tevaearai
Myoblast-seeded biodegradable scaffolds to prevent post-myocardial infarction evolution toward heart failure
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.,
July 1, 2006;
132(1):
124 - 131.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. van den Bos, T. Baks, A. D. Moelker, W. Kerver, R.-J. van Geuns, W. J. van der Giessen, D. J. Duncker, and P. A. Wielopolski
Magnetic resonance imaging of haemorrhage within reperfused myocardial infarcts: possible interference with iron oxide-labelled cell tracking?
Eur. Heart J.,
July 1, 2006;
27(13):
1620 - 1626.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. W. Serruys
Fourth Annual American College of Cardiology International Lecture: A Journey in the Interventional Field
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
May 2, 2006;
47(9):
1754 - 1768.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. G. Chang, L. Tung, R. B. Sekar, C. Y. Chang, J. Cysyk, P. Dong, E. Marban, and M. R. Abraham
Proarrhythmic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Revealed in an In Vitro Coculture Model
Circulation,
April 18, 2006;
113(15):
1832 - 1841.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Gavira, J. Herreros, A. Perez, M. J. Garcia-Velloso, J. Barba, F. Martin-Herrero, C. Canizo, A. Martin-Arnau, J. M. Marti-Climent, M. Hernandez, et al.
Autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation in patients with nonacute myocardial infarction: 1-year follow-up
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.,
April 1, 2006;
131(4):
799 - 804.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. M. Kolettis
Arrhythmogenesis after cell transplantation post-myocardial infarction. Four burning questions-And some answers
Cardiovasc Res,
February 1, 2006;
69(2):
299 - 301.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Fernandes, J.-C. Amirault, G. Lande, J.-M. Nguyen, V. Forest, O. Bignolais, G. Lamirault, D. Heudes, J.-L. Orsonneau, M.-F. Heymann, et al.
Autologous myoblast transplantation after myocardial infarction increases the inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias
Cardiovasc Res,
February 1, 2006;
69(2):
348 - 358.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Ye, H. K. Haider, and E. K. W. Sim
Adult Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair: A Choice Between Skeletal Myoblasts and Bone Marrow Stem Cells
Experimental Biology and Medicine,
January 1, 2006;
231(1):
8 - 19.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Murry, L. J. Field, and P. Menasche
Cell-Based Cardiac Repair: Reflections at the 10-Year Point
Circulation,
November 15, 2005;
112(20):
3174 - 3183.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. E. Strauer, M. Brehm, T. Zeus, T. Bartsch, C. Schannwell, C. Antke, R. V. Sorg, G. Kogler, P. Wernet, H.-W. Muller, et al.
Regeneration of Human Infarcted Heart Muscle by Intracoronary Autologous Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation in Chronic Coronary Artery Disease: The IACT Study
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
November 1, 2005;
46(9):
1651 - 1658.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Yaoita, S. Takase, Y. Maruyama, Y. Sato, H. Satokawa, N. Hoshi, N. Ono, T. Igari, H. Ohto, and H. Yokoyama
Scintigraphic Assessment of the Effects of Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cell Transplantation Combined with Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease
J. Nucl. Med.,
October 1, 2005;
46(10):
1610 - 1617.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Lenk, V. Adams, P. Lurz, S. Erbs, A. Linke, S. Gielen, A. Schmidt, D. Scheinert, G. Biamino, F. Emmrich, et al.
Therapeutical potential of blood-derived progenitor cells in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease and critical limb ischaemia
Eur. Heart J.,
September 2, 2005;
26(18):
1903 - 1909.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C Chachques, C. Salanson-Lajos, P. Lajos, A. Shafy, A. Alshamry, and A. Carpentier
Cellular Cardiomyoplasty for Myocardial Regeneration
Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann,
September 1, 2005;
13(3):
287 - 296.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Hou, E. A.-S. Youssef, T. J. Brinton, P. Zhang, P. Rogers, E. T. Price, A. C. Yeung, B. H. Johnstone, P. G. Yock, and K. L. March
Radiolabeled Cell Distribution After Intramyocardial, Intracoronary, and Interstitial Retrograde Coronary Venous Delivery: Implications for Current Clinical Trials
Circulation,
August 30, 2005;
112(9_suppl):
I-150 - I-156.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gyongyosi, A. Khorsand, S. Zamini, W. Sperker, C. Strehblow, J. Kastrup, E. Jorgensen, B. Hesse, K. Tagil, H. E. Botker, et al.
NOGA-Guided Analysis of Regional Myocardial Perfusion Abnormalities Treated With Intramyocardial Injections of Plasmid Encoding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A-165 in Patients With Chronic Myocardial Ischemia: Subanalysis of the EUROINJECT-ONE Multicenter Double-Blind Randomized Study
Circulation,
August 30, 2005;
112(9_suppl):
I-157 - I-165.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Itabashi, S. Miyoshi, S. Yuasa, J. Fujita, T. Shimizu, T. Okano, K. Fukuda, and S. Ogawa
Analysis of the electrophysiological properties and arrhythmias in directly contacted skeletal and cardiac muscle cell sheets
Cardiovasc Res,
August 15, 2005;
67(3):
561 - 570.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Siepe, C. Heilmann, P. von Samson, P. Menasche, and F. Beyersdorf
Stem cell research and cell transplantation for myocardial regeneration
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.,
August 1, 2005;
28(2):
318 - 324.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. C. Dudley Jr
Beware of Cells Bearing Gifts: Cell Replacement Therapy and Arrhythmic Risk
Circ. Res.,
July 22, 2005;
97(2):
99 - 101.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Abraham, C. A. Henrikson, L. Tung, M. G. Chang, M. Aon, T. Xue, R. A. Li, B. O' Rourke, and E. Marban
Antiarrhythmic Engineering of Skeletal Myoblasts for Cardiac Transplantation
Circ. Res.,
July 22, 2005;
97(2):
159 - 167.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Azarnoush, A. Maurel, L. Sebbah, C. Carrion, A. Bissery, C. Mandet, J. Pouly, P. Bruneval, A. A. Hagege, and P. Menasche
Enhancement of the functional benefits of skeletal myoblast transplantation by means of coadministration of hypoxia-inducible factor 1{alpha}
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.,
July 1, 2005;
130(1):
173 - 179.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Siminiak, D. Fiszer, O. Jerzykowska, B. Grygielska, N. Rozwadowska, P. Kalmucki, and M. Kurpisz
Percutaneous trans-coronary-venous transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblasts in the treatment of post-infarction myocardial contractility impairment: the POZNAN trial
Eur. Heart J.,
June 2, 2005;
26(12):
1188 - 1195.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Fazel, G. H.L. Tang, D. Angoulvant, M. Cimini, R. D. Weisel, R.-K. Li, and T. M. Yau
Current Status of Cellular Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease
Ann. Thorac. Surg.,
June 1, 2005;
79(6):
S2238 - S2247.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Schachinger and A. M. Zeiher
Stem Cells and Cardiovascular and Renal Disease: Today and Tomorrow
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.,
March 1, 2005;
16(3_suppl_1):
S2 - S6.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Sousa, M. A. Costa, E. M. Tuzcu, J. S. Yadav, and S. Ellis
New Frontiers in Interventional Cardiology
Circulation,
February 8, 2005;
111(5):
671 - 681.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. C. Wollert and H. Drexler
Clinical Applications of Stem Cells for the Heart
Circ. Res.,
February 4, 2005;
96(2):
151 - 163.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Schachinger, B. Assmus, M. B. Britten, J. Honold, R. Lehmann, C. Teupe, N. D. Abolmaali, T. J. Vogl, W.-K. Hofmann, H. Martin, et al.
Transplantation of progenitor cells and regeneration enhancement in acute myocardial infarction: Final one-year results of the TOPCARE-AMI Trial
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
October 19, 2004;
44(8):
1690 - 1699.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Y.W. Lew
Mobilizing cells to the injured myocardium: A novel rescue strategy or an unwelcome intrusion?
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
October 6, 2004;
44(7):
1521 - 1522.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. J.J. Wellens
Cardiac arrhythmias: The quest for a cure: A historical perspective
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
September 15, 2004;
44(6):
1155 - 1163.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
