JACC
HOME SUBSCRIPTIONS CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES CARDIOSOURCE SEARCH HELP FEEDBACK
 QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     


J Am Coll Cardiol, 2002; 40:754-760
© 2002 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
This Article
Right arrow Figures Only
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Campia, U.
Right arrow Articles by Panza, J. A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Campia, U.
Right arrow Articles by Panza, J. A.

CLINICAL STUDY: ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION ASSESSMENT

Reduced endothelium-dependent and -independent dilation of conductance arteries in African Americans

Umberto Campia, MD*, Wassim K. Choucair, MD*, Melissa B. Bryant, RN*, Myron A. Waclawiw, PhD{dagger}, Carmine Cardillo, MD*,1 and Julio A. Panza, MD, FACC*,*

* Cardiology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
{dagger} Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

Manuscript received November 5, 2001; revised manuscript received April 25, 2002, accepted May 16, 2002.

* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Julio A. Panza, Washington Hospital Center, 110 Irving Street Northwest, Suite 2A74, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Julio.A.Panza{at}medstar.net

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine whether racial differences exist in the functional behavior of conduit vessels.

BACKGROUND: Compared with Caucasians, African Americans have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and its complications, which may be related to reduced nitric oxide (NO)-dependent and -independent vasodilation of the microvasculature. However, whether a similar impairment is also present at the level of the conductance arteries is unknown.

METHODS: To this end, we studied endothelium-dependent (posthyperemia flow-mediated dilation) and -independent (nitroglycerin) vascular responses of the brachial artery by high-resolution ultrasound imaging. There were 46 black subjects (23 men and 23 women; age 37 ± 8 years and 38 ± 9 years, respectively) and 46 white subjects (23 men and 23 women; age 38 ± 11 years and 36 ± 9 years, respectively) in this study.

RESULTS: Baseline diameter was similar in blacks and in whites (4.4 ± 0.9 mm and 4.1 ± 0.7 mm, respectively). Mean reactive hyperemia after cuff deflation was similar in the two groups (793 ± 653% in black and 852 ± 734% in white subjects, respectively; p = 0.5). Flow-mediated dilation was significantly lower in black compared with white individuals (4.79 ± 3.5% vs. 8.87 ± 4.5%, respectively; p < 0.0001). Nitroglycerin-mediated dilation was also significantly lower in black individuals compared with white individuals (10.99 ± 4.6% vs. 14.98 ± 5.4%, respectively; p = 0.0002).

CONCLUSIONS: African Americans show reduced responsiveness of conductance vessels to both endogenous and exogenous NO compared with Caucasian Americans. These findings expand our understanding of racial differences in vascular function and suggest a mechanistic explanation for the increased incidence and severity of cardiovascular disease observed in African Americans.

Abbreviations and Acronyms
  ANCOVA
  analysis of covariance
  BA
  brachial artery
  BMI
  body mass index
  cGMP
  cyclic guanosine-monophosphate
  FMD
  flow-mediated dilation
  NHBLI
  National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
  NMD
  nitroglycerin-mediated dilation
  NO
  nitric oxide
  NTG
  nitroglycerin
  SBP
  systolic blood pressure
  sGC
  soluble guanylyl cyclase
  VSMC
  vascular smooth muscle cell




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
Reproductive SciencesHome page
E. Mata-Greenwood and D.-B. Chen
Racial Differences in Nitric Oxide--Dependent Vasorelaxation
Reproductive Sciences, January 1, 2008; 15(1): 9 - 25.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
CirculationHome page
R. P. Mason, L. Kalinowski, R. F. Jacob, A. M. Jacoby, and T. Malinski
Nebivolol Reduces Nitroxidative Stress and Restores Nitric Oxide Bioavailability in Endothelium of Black Americans
Circulation, December 13, 2005; 112(24): 3795 - 3801.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




HOME SUBSCRIPTIONS CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES CARDIOSOURCE SEARCH HELP FEEDBACK
Copyright © 2002 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.