CLINICAL STUDY: HEART FAILURE
Comparative value of Doppler echocardiography and B-type natriuretic peptide assay in the etiologic diagnosis of acute dyspnea
Damien Logeart, MD*,*,
Carole Saudubray, MD*,
Pascale Beyne, MD ,
Gabriel Thabut, MD ,
Pierre-Vladimir Ennezat, MD*,
Christophe Chavelas, MD*,
Caroline Zanker, MD ,
Erik Bouvier, MD* and
Alain Cohen Solal, MD, PhD*
* Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
Service d’Accueil des Urgences, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
Manuscript received May 30, 2002;
accepted July 12, 2002.
* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Damien Logeart, Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Beaujon, 100 Bd du Gal Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France.
damien.logeart{at}bjn.ap-hop-paris.fr
OBJECTIVES: We compared the accuracy of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) assay with Doppler echocardiography for the diagnosis of decompensated congestive left-heart failure (CHF) in patients with acute dyspnea.
BACKGROUND: Both BNP and Doppler echocardiography have been described as relevant diagnostic tests for heart failure.
METHODS: One hundred sixty-three consecutive patients with severe dyspnea underwent BNP assay and Doppler echocardiogram on admission. The accuracy of the two methods for etiologic diagnosis was compared on the basis of the final diagnoses established by physicians who were blinded to the BNP and Doppler findings.
RESULTS: The final etiologic diagnosis was CHF in 115 patients. Twenty-four patients (15%) were misdiagnosed at admission. The BNP concentration was 1,022 ± 742 pg/ml in the CHF subgroup and 187 ± 158 pg/ml in the other patients (p < 0.01). A BNP cutoff of 300 pg/ml correctly classified 88% of the patients (odds ratio [OR] 85 [19 to 376], p < 0.0001), but a high negative predictive value (90%) was only obtained when the cutoff was lowered to 80 pg/ml. The etiologic value of BNP was low in patients with values between 80 and 300 pg/ml (OR 1.85 [0.4 to 7.8], p = 0.4) and also in patients who were studied very soon after onset of acute dyspnea. Among the 138 patients with assessable Doppler findings, a "restrictive" mitral inflow pattern had a diagnostic accuracy for CHF of 91% (OR 482 [77 to 3,011], p < 0.0001), regardless of the BNP level.
CONCLUSIONS: Bedside BNP measurement and Doppler echocardiography are both useful for establishing the cause of acute dyspnea. However, Doppler analysis of the mitral inflow pattern was more accurate, particularly in patients with intermediate BNP levels or "flash" pulmonary edema.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | ANOVA | | analysis of variance | | BNP | | B-type natriuretic peptide | | CHF | | decompensated congestive left-heart failure | | CI | | confidence interval | | DT | | deceleration time of the mitral E-wave | | HF | | heart failure | | LV | | left ventricular | | LVEF | | left ventricular ejection fraction | | OR | | odds ratio | | ROC | | receiver operating characteristic |
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