CLINICAL STUDY: AORTIC STENOSIS PROGRESSION AND CHOLESTEROL
Association of cholesterol levels, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme-a reductase inhibitor treatment, and progression of aortic stenosis in the community
Michael F. Bellamy, MD, MRCP*,
Patricia A. Pellikka, MD, FACC*,
Kyle W. Klarich, MD, FACC*,
A. Jamil Tajik, MD, FACC* and
Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, MD, FACC*,*
* Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Manuscript received March 20, 2002;
revised manuscript received August 1, 2002,
accepted August 26, 2002.
* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Sarano.Maurice{at}mayo.edu
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to analyze the association among cholesterol levels, lipid-lowering treatment, and progression of aortic stenosis (AS) in the community.
BACKGROUND: Aortic stenosis is a progressive disease for which there is no known medical treatment to prevent or slow progression. Despite plausible pathologic mechanisms linking hypercholesterolemia to AS progression, clinical studies have been inconsistent and affected by referral bias, and the role of lipid-lowering therapy is uncertain.
METHODS: We determined the association between blood cholesterol levels and progression of native AS (assessed by Doppler echocardiography at baseline and at least six months later; mean interval, 3.7 ± 2.3 years) in a community-based study of 156 patients (age 77 ± 12 years; 90 men). Thirty-eight patients received statin treatment during follow-up.
RESULTS: In untreated subjects, mean gradient increased from 22 ± 12 mm Hg to 39 ± 19 mm Hg, and aortic valve area (AVA) decreased from 1.20 ± 0.35 cm2 to 0.91 ± 0.33 cm2 (both p < 0.001). The annualized change in AVA was –0.09 ± 0.17 cm2/year (–7% ± 13%/year). Neither total cholesterol (r = –0.01, p = 0.92) nor low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.01; p = 0.88) showed a significant correlation to AS progression. Nevertheless, progression of AS was slower in patients receiving statins compared with untreated patients (decrease in AVA –3 ± 10% vs. –7 ± 13% per year, respectively; p = 0.04), even when adjusted for age, gender, cholesterol, and baseline valve area (p = 0.04). The association of statin treatment with slower progression was confirmed when analysis was restricted to patients coming for a systematic follow-up (p=0.02). The odds ratio of AS progression with statin treatment was 0.46 (95% confidence interval, 0.21 to 0.96).
CONCLUSIONS: In the community, progression of AS shows no trend of association with cholesterol levels. Statin treatment, however, is associated with slower progression, suggesting that the effects of statin treatment on progression of AS should be pursued with appropriate clinical trials.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | AS | | aortic stenosis | | AVA | | aortic valve area | | CI | | confidence interval | | HDL-C | | high-density lipoprotein cholesterol | | MG | | mean gradient | | LDL-C | | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol | | TC | | total cholesterol |
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969 - 975.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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G J Morgan-Hughes, P E Owens, C A Roobottom, and A J Marshall
Three dimensional volume quantification of aortic valve calcification using multislice computed tomography
Heart,
October 1, 2003;
89(10):
1191 - 1194.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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G. E. Pate, M. N. Tahir, R. T. Murphy, and J. B. Foley
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Statins in Patients with Aortic Stenosis
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics,
September 1, 2003;
8(3):
201 - 206.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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K.-L. Chan
Is aortic stenosis a preventable disease?
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
August 20, 2003;
42(4):
593 - 599.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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T. M. Bashore and T. J. Gardner
Valvular heart disease
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
July 16, 2003;
42(2):
388 - 390.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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N. M Rajamannan, B. Gersh, and R. O Bonow
CALCIFIC AORTIC STENOSIS: FROM BENCH TO THE BEDSIDE--EMERGING CLINICAL AND CELLULAR CONCEPTS
Heart,
July 1, 2003;
89(7):
801 - 805.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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A. S. Pearlman
Medical treatment ofaortic stenosis: Promising, or wishful thinking?
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol.,
November 20, 2002;
40(10):
1731 - 1734.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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