CLINICAL STUDY: RISK FACTORS
Alcohol consumption and risk of coronary heart disease among men with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Mihaela Tanasescu, MD*,*,
Frank B. Hu, MD*,
Walter C. Willett, MD*   ,
Meir J. Stampfer, MD* and
Eric B. Rimm, ScD*
* Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Harvard School of Public Health, the Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Manuscript received March 27, 2001;
revised manuscript received August 22, 2001,
accepted August 31, 2001.
* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Mihaela Tanasescu, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 USA
mtanases{at}hsph.harvard.edu
OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between alcohol intake and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) among men with type 2 diabetes.
BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of CHD. Emerging evidence suggests that moderate alcohol intake is associated with an important reduction in risk of CHD in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
We studied 2,419 men who reported a diagnosis of diabetes at age 30 or older in the Health Professionals’ Follow-up study (HPFS). During 11,411 person-years of follow-up after diagnosis, we documented 150 new cases of CHD (81 nonfatal myocardial infarction [MI] and 69 fatal CHD). Relative risks (RR) were estimated from pooled logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.
RESULTS
Alcohol use was inversely associated with risk of CHD in men with type 2 diabetes. The age-adjusted RRs corresponding to intakes of  0.5 drinks/day, 0.5 to 2 drinks/day and >2 drinks/day were 0.76 (95% confidence interval: [CI]: 0.52 to 1.12), 0.64 (95% CI: 0.40 to 1.02) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.32 to 1.09), respectively, as compared with nondrinkers (p for trend = 0.06). When we controlled for body mass index, smoking, family history of MI, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, duration of diabetes, physical activity level, vitamin E supplements and intake of trans fat, polyunsaturated fat, fiber and folate, RRs were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.52 to 1.15), 0.62 (95% CI: 0.40 to 1.00) and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.25 to 0.94) (p for trend = 0.03). The benefits of moderate consumption did not statistically differ by beverage type.
CONCLUSIONS
Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower risk of CHD in men with type 2 diabetes.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | AGE | = advanced glycation end products | | BMI | = body mass index | | CHD | = coronary heart disease | | CI | = confidence interval | | HDL-C | = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol | | HPFS | = Health Professionals’ Follow-up study | | MI | = myocardial infarction | | PAI-1 | = plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 | | RR | = relative risk | | t-PA | = tissue type plasminogen activator |
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