JACC
HOME SUBSCRIPTIONS CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES CARDIOSOURCE SEARCH HELP FEEDBACK
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

J Am Coll Cardiol, 2001; 38:955-962
© 2001 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
This Article
Right arrow Figures Only
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Al-Ahmad, A.
Right arrow Articles by Sarnak, M. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Al-Ahmad, A.
Right arrow Articles by Sarnak, M. J.

CLINICAL STUDY

Reduced kidney function and anemia as risk factors for mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction

Amin Al-Ahmad, MD*, William M. Rand, PhD{dagger}, Guruprasad Manjunath, MD{ddagger}, Marvin A. Konstam, MD*, Deeb N. Salem, MD*, Andrew S. Levey, MD{ddagger} and Mark J. Sarnak, MD{ddagger}

* Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
{dagger} Department of Community Health, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
{ddagger} Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Manuscript received February 23, 2001; revised manuscript received May 21, 2001, accepted June 11, 2001.

Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Mark J. Sarnak, New England Medical Center, Box 391, 750 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
msarnak{at}lifespan.org

OBJECTIVES

We sought to evaluate the relationship between the level of kidney function, level of hematocrit and their interaction on all-cause mortality in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.

BACKGROUND

Anemia and reduced kidney function occur frequently in patients with heart failure. The level of hematocrit and its relationship with renal function have not been evaluated as risk factors for mortality in patients with LV dysfunction.

METHODS

We retrospectively examined the Studies Of LV Dysfunction (SOLVD) database. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was predicted using a recently validated formula. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to compare survival times between groups stratified by level of kidney function (predicted GFR) and hematocrit. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to explore the relationship of survival time to level of kidney function, hematocrit and their interaction.

RESULTS

Lower GFR and hematocrit were associated with a higher prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. In univariate analysis, reduced kidney function and lower hematocrit, in men and in women, were risk factors for all-cause mortality (p < 0.001 for both). After adjustment for other factors significant in univariate analysis, a 10 ml/min/1.73 m2 lower GFR and a 1% lower hematocrit were associated with a 1.064 (95% CI: 1.033, 1.096) and 1.027 (95% CI: 1.015, 1.038) higher risk for mortality, respectively. At lower GFR and lower hematocrit, the risk was higher (p = 0.022 for the interaction) than that predicted by both factors independently.

CONCLUSIONS

Decreased kidney function and anemia are risk factors for all-cause mortality in patients with LV dysfunction, especially when both are present. These relationships need to be confirmed in additional studies.

Abbreviations and Acronyms
  ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme
  ESRD = end-stage renal disease
  GFR = glomerular filtration rate
  HF = heart failure
  LV = left ventricle or left ventricular
  MDRD = Modification of Diet in Renal Disease
  NYHA = New York Heart Association
  SOLVD = Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
C. Adlbrecht, S. Kommata, M. Hulsmann, T. Szekeres, C. Bieglmayer, G. Strunk, G. Karanikas, R. Berger, D. Mortl, K. Kletter, et al.
Chronic heart failure leads to an expanded plasma volume and pseudoanaemia, but does not lead to a reduction in the body's red cell volume
Eur. Heart J., October 1, 2008; 29(19): 2343 - 2350.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
H. F. Groenveld, J. L. Januzzi, K. Damman, J. van Wijngaarden, H. L. Hillege, D. J. van Veldhuisen, and P. van der Meer
Anemia and Mortality in Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 2, 2008; 52(10): 818 - 827.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
I. S. Anand
Anemia and Chronic Heart Failure: Implications and Treatment Options
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 12, 2008; 52(7): 501 - 511.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Journal of Pharmacy PracticeHome page
S. Tomasello
Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease
Journal of Pharmacy Practice, June 1, 2008; 21(3): 181 - 195.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
S. J. Shah, T. Thenappan, S. Rich, L. Tian, S. L. Archer, and M. Gomberg-Maitland
Association of Serum Creatinine With Abnormal Hemodynamics and Mortality in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Circulation, May 13, 2008; 117(19): 2475 - 2483.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
Y. Amsalem, M. Garty, R. Schwartz, A. Sandach, S. Behar, A. Caspi, S. Gottlieb, D. Ezra, B. S. Lewis, and J. Leor
Prevalence and significance of unrecognized renal insufficiency in patients with heart failure
Eur. Heart J., April 2, 2008; 29(8): 1029 - 1036.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
C Berry, M Brett, K Stevenson, J J V McMurray, and J Norrie
Nature and prognostic importance of abnormal glucose tolerance and diabetes in acute heart failure
Heart, March 1, 2008; 94(3): 296 - 304.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
W. C. Levy
Anemia in heart failure: marker or mediator of adverse prognosis?
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 5, 2008; 51(5): 577 - 578.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
J. K. Ghali, I. S. Anand, W. T. Abraham, G. C. Fonarow, B. Greenberg, H. Krum, B. M. Massie, S. M. Wasserman, M.-L. Trotman, Y. Sun, et al.
Randomized Double-Blind Trial of Darbepoetin Alfa in Patients With Symptomatic Heart Failure and Anemia
Circulation, January 29, 2008; 117(4): 526 - 535.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
G. L. Smith, F. A. Masoudi, M. G. Shlipak, H. M. Krumholz, and C. R. Parikh
Renal Impairment Predicts Long-Term Mortality Risk after Acute Myocardial Infarction
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., January 1, 2008; 19(1): 141 - 150.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
R. S. Gardner, K. S. Chong, E. O'Meara, A. Jardine, I. Ford, and T. A. McDonagh
Renal dysfunction, as measured by the modification of diet in renal disease equations, and outcome in patients with advanced heart failure
Eur. Heart J., December 2, 2007; 28(24): 3027 - 3033.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.Home page
F. L. Martin, T. Supaporn, H. H. Chen, S. M. Sandberg, Y. Matsuda, M. Jougasaki, and J. C. Burnett Jr.
Distinct roles for renal particulate and soluble guanylyl cyclases in preserving renal function in experimental acute heart failure
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2007; 293(4): R1580 - R1585.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
T. Kempf, S. von Haehling, T. Peter, T. Allhoff, M. Cicoira, W. Doehner, P. Ponikowski, G. S. Filippatos, P. Rozentryt, H. Drexler, et al.
Prognostic Utility of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 11, 2007; 50(11): 1054 - 1060.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
N. F. Murphy and K. McDonald
Treatment of anaemia in chronic heart failure optimal approach still unclear
Eur. Heart J., September 2, 2007; 28(18): 2185 - 2187.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
G. M. Felker, L. A. Allen, S. J. Pocock, L. K. Shaw, J. J.V. McMurray, M. A. Pfeffer, K. Swedberg, D. Wang, S. Yusuf, E. L. Michelson, et al.
Red Cell Distribution Width as a Novel Prognostic Marker in Heart Failure: Data From the CHARM Program and the Duke Databank
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 3, 2007; 50(1): 40 - 47.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
M. Komajda
Anemia in Chronic Heart Failure: Should We Treat It and How?
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 20, 2007; 49(7): 763 - 764.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
G. W. Dec
Anemia in Heart Failure: Time to Rethink Its Etiology and Treatment?
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 19, 2006; 48(12): 2490 - 2492.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
J. N. Nanas, C. Matsouka, D. Karageorgopoulos, A. Leonti, E. Tsolakis, S. G. Drakos, E. P. Tsagalou, G. D. Maroulidis, G. P. Alexopoulos, J. E. Kanakakis, et al.
Etiology of Anemia in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 19, 2006; 48(12): 2485 - 2489.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Diabetes CareHome page
P. C.Y. Tong, A. P.S. Kong, W.-Y. So, M. H.L. Ng, X. Yang, M. C.Y. Ng, R. C.W. Ma, C.-S. Ho, C. W.K. Lam, C.-C. Chow, et al.
Hematocrit, independent of chronic kidney disease, predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes in chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Care, November 1, 2006; 29(11): 2439 - 2444.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
J. J. Augustine and D. E. Hricik
Anemia after Kidney Transplantation: Time for Action
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2006; 17(11): 2962 - 2963.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
A. E. Imoagene-Oyedeji, S. E. Rosas, A. M. Doyle, S. Goral, and R. D. Bloom
Posttransplantation Anemia at 12 Months in Kidney Recipients Treated with Mycophenolate Mofetil: Risk Factors and Implications for Mortality
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2006; 17(11): 3240 - 3247.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HypertensionHome page
F. C. Brosius III, T. H. Hostetter, E. Kelepouris, M. M. Mitsnefes, S. M. Moe, M. A. Moore, S. Pennathur, G. L. Smith, and P. W.F. Wilson
REPRINT Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With or at Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association Kidney and Cardiovascular Disease Council; the Councils on High Blood Pressure Research, Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and Epidemiology and Prevention; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: Developed in Collaboration With the National Kidney Foundation
Hypertension, October 1, 2006; 48(4): 751 - 755.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
F. C. Brosius III, T. H. Hostetter, E. Kelepouris, M. M. Mitsnefes, S. M. Moe, M. A. Moore, S. Pennathur, G. L. Smith, and P. W.F. Wilson
Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With or at Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association Kidney and Cardiovascular Disease Council; the Councils on High Blood Pressure Research, Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and Epidemiology and Prevention; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group: Developed in Collaboration With the National Kidney Foundation
Circulation, September 5, 2006; 114(10): 1083 - 1087.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
A. M. Walker, G. Schneider, J. Yeaw, B. Nordstrom, S. Robbins, and D. Pettitt
Anemia as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Elevated Serum Creatinine
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2006; 17(8): 2293 - 2298.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CJASNHome page
W. F. Keane, Z. Zhang, P. A. Lyle, M. E. Cooper, D. de Zeeuw, J.-P. Grunfeld, J. P. Lash, J. B. McGill, W. E. Mitch, G. Remuzzi, et al.
Risk Scores for Predicting Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy: The RENAAL Study
Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2006; 1(4): 761 - 767.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
A. S. Go, J. Yang, L. M. Ackerson, K. Lepper, S. Robbins, B. M. Massie, and M. G. Shlipak
Hemoglobin Level, Chronic Kidney Disease, and the Risks of Death and Hospitalization in Adults With Chronic Heart Failure: The Anemia in Chronic Heart Failure: Outcomes and Resource Utilization (ANCHOR) Study
Circulation, June 13, 2006; 113(23): 2713 - 2723.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
L Grigorian Shamagian, A Varela Roman, J M Garcia-Acuna, P Mazon Ramos, A Virgos Lamela, and J R Gonzalez-Juanatey
Anaemia is associated with higher mortality among patients with heart failure with preserved systolic function
Heart, June 1, 2006; 92(6): 780 - 784.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
Y.-D. Tang and S. D. Katz
Anemia in Chronic Heart Failure: Prevalence, Etiology, Clinical Correlates, and Treatment Options
Circulation, May 23, 2006; 113(20): 2454 - 2461.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
G. L. Smith, M. G. Shlipak, E. P. Havranek, J. M. Foody, F. A. Masoudi, S. S. Rathore, and H. M. Krumholz
Serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, and estimators of renal function: mortality in older patients with cardiovascular disease.
Arch Intern Med, May 22, 2006; 166(10): 1134 - 1142.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
G. L. Smith, J. H. Lichtman, M. B. Bracken, M. G. Shlipak, C. O. Phillips, P. DiCapua, and H. M. Krumholz
Renal Impairment and Outcomes in Heart Failure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 16, 2006; 47(10): 1987 - 1996.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
B. F. Culleton, B. J. Manns, J. Zhang, M. Tonelli, S. Klarenbach, and B. R. Hemmelgarn
Impact of anemia on hospitalization and mortality in older adults
Blood, May 15, 2006; 107(10): 3841 - 3846.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
A. Ishani, G. A. Grandits, R. H. Grimm, K. H. Svendsen, A. J. Collins, R. J. Prineas, J. D. Neaton, and for the MRFIT Research Group
Association of Single Measurements of Dipstick Proteinuria, Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Hematocrit with 25-Year Incidence of End-Stage Renal Disease in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., May 1, 2006; 17(5): 1444 - 1452.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
E. O'Meara, T. Clayton, M. B. McEntegart, J. J.V. McMurray, C. C. Lang, S. D. Roger, J. B. Young, S. D. Solomon, C. B. Granger, J. Ostergren, et al.
Clinical Correlates and Consequences of Anemia in a Broad Spectrum of Patients With Heart Failure: Results of the Candesartan in Heart Failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity (CHARM) Program
Circulation, February 21, 2006; 113(7): 986 - 994.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
H. L. Hillege, D. Nitsch, M. A. Pfeffer, K. Swedberg, J. J.V. McMurray, S. Yusuf, C. B. Granger, E. L. Michelson, J. Ostergren, J. H. Cornel, et al.
Renal Function as a Predictor of Outcome in a Broad Spectrum of Patients With Heart Failure
Circulation, February 7, 2006; 113(5): 671 - 678.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
C. W. Yancy, M. Lopatin, L. W. Stevenson, T. De Marco, G. C. Fonarow, and for the ADHERE Scientific Advisory Committee and I
Clinical Presentation, Management, and In-Hospital Outcomes of Patients Admitted With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure With Preserved Systolic Function: A Report From the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE) Database
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 3, 2006; 47(1): 76 - 84.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
S. J. Pocock, D. Wang, M. A. Pfeffer, S. Yusuf, J. J.V. McMurray, K. B. Swedberg, J. Ostergren, E. L. Michelson, K. S. Pieper, C. B. Granger, et al.
Predictors of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure
Eur. Heart J., January 1, 2006; 27(1): 65 - 75.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
N. A. Khan, I. Ma, C. R. Thompson, K. Humphries, D. N. Salem, M. J. Sarnak, and A. Levin
Kidney Function and Mortality among Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., January 1, 2006; 17(1): 244 - 253.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
M. A. Konstam, B. Czerska, M. Bohm, R. M. Oren, J. Sadowski, S. Khanal, W. T. Abraham, A. Wasler, J. B. Dahm, A. Gavazzi, et al.
Continuous Aortic Flow Augmentation: A Pilot Study of Hemodynamic and Renal Responses to a Novel Percutaneous Intervention in Decompensated Heart Failure
Circulation, November 15, 2005; 112(20): 3107 - 3114.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
J.-P. Collet, G. Montalescot, G. Agnelli, F. Van de Werf, E. P. Gurfinkel, J. Lopez-Sendon, C. V. Laufenberg, M. Klutman, N. Gowda, D. Gulba, et al.
Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome in patients with renal dysfunction: benefit of low-molecular-weight heparin alone or with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors on outcomes. The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events
Eur. Heart J., November 1, 2005; 26(21): 2285 - 2293.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
C. Opasich, M. Cazzola, L. Scelsi, S. De Feo, E. Bosimini, R. Lagioia, O. Febo, R. Ferrari, A. Fucili, R. Moratti, et al.
Blunted erythropoietin production and defective iron supply for erythropoiesis as major causes of anaemia in patients with chronic heart failure
Eur. Heart J., November 1, 2005; 26(21): 2232 - 2237.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
P. T. Vlagopoulos, H. Tighiouart, D. E. Weiner, J. Griffith, D. Pettitt, D. N. Salem, A. S. Levey, and M. J. Sarnak
Anemia as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality in Diabetes: The Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2005; 16(11): 3403 - 3410.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
N. A. Zakai, R. Katz, C. Hirsch, M. G. Shlipak, P. H. M. Chaves, A. B. Newman, and M. Cushman
A Prospective Study of Anemia Status, Hemoglobin Concentration, and Mortality in an Elderly Cohort: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Arch Intern Med, October 24, 2005; 165(19): 2214 - 2220.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
M. Kosiborod, J. P. Curtis, Y. Wang, G. L. Smith, F. A. Masoudi, J. M. Foody, E. P. Havranek, and H. M. Krumholz
Anemia and Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure: A Study From the National Heart Care Project
Arch Intern Med, October 24, 2005; 165(19): 2237 - 2244.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
Developed in Collaboration With the American Colle, Endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society, S. A. Hunt, W. T. Abraham, M. H. Chin, A. M. Feldman, G. S. Francis, T. G. Ganiats, M. Jessup, M. A. Konstam, et al.
ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult--Summary Article: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure)
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 20, 2005; 46(6): 1116 - 1143.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
S. A. Hunt, W. T. Abraham, M. H. Chin, A. M. Feldman, G. S. Francis, T. G. Ganiats, M. Jessup, M. A. Konstam, D. M. Mancini, K. Michl, et al.
ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult--Summary Article: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): Developed in Collaboration With the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society
Circulation, September 20, 2005; 112(12): 1825 - 1852.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ChestHome page
A. Chambellan, E. Chailleux, and T. Similowski
Prognostic Value of the Hematocrit in Patients With Severe COPD Receiving Long-term Oxygen Therapy
Chest, September 1, 2005; 128(3): 1201 - 1208.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
P. Gil, S. Justo, and C. Caramelo
Cardio-renal failure: an emerging clinical entity
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2005; 20(9): 1780 - 1783.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
K. F. Adams Jr, J. H. Patterson, W. A. Gattis, C. M. O'Connor, C. R. Lee, T. A. Schwartz, and M. Gheorghiade
Relationship of Serum Digoxin Concentration to Mortality and Morbidity in Women in the Digitalis Investigation Group Trial: A Retrospective Analysis
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 2, 2005; 46(3): 497 - 504.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Intern MedHome page
J. George, S. Patal, D. Wexler, A. Abashidze, H. Shmilovich, T. Barak, D. Sheps, and G. Keren
Circulating Erythropoietin Levels and Prognosis in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure: Comparison With Neurohormonal and Inflammatory Markers
Arch Intern Med, June 13, 2005; 165(11): 1304 - 1309.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
R. Vanholder, Z. Massy, A. Argiles, G. Spasovski, F. Verbeke, N. Lameire, and for the European Uremic Toxin Work Group (EUTox)
Chronic kidney disease as cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., June 1, 2005; 20(6): 1048 - 1056.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
D. E. Weiner, H. Tighiouart, P. T. Vlagopoulos, J. L. Griffith, D. N. Salem, A. S. Levey, and M. J. Sarnak
Effects of Anemia and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy on Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2005; 16(6): 1803 - 1810.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
S. Namiuchi, Y. Kagaya, J. Ohta, N. Shiba, M. Sugi, M. Oikawa, H. Kunii, H. Yamao, N. Komatsu, M. Yui, et al.
High Serum Erythropoietin Level Is Associated With Smaller Infarct Size in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Who Undergo Successful Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 3, 2005; 45(9): 1406 - 1412.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
S. Philipp, H. Ollmann, T. Schink, R. Dietz, F. C. Luft, and R. Willenbrock
The impact of anaemia and kidney function in congestive heart failure and preserved systolic function
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., May 1, 2005; 20(5): 915 - 919.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
M. S. Sabatine, D. A. Morrow, R. P. Giugliano, P. B.J. Burton, S. A. Murphy, C. H. McCabe, C. M. Gibson, and E. Braunwald
Association of Hemoglobin Levels With Clinical Outcomes in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Circulation, April 26, 2005; 111(16): 2042 - 2049.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
J. D. Sackner-Bernstein, H. A. Skopicki, and K. D. Aaronson
Risk of Worsening Renal Function With Nesiritide in Patients With Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure
Circulation, March 29, 2005; 111(12): 1487 - 1491.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
A. Ishani, E. Weinhandl, Z. Zhao, D. T. Gilbertson, A. J. Collins, S. Yusuf, and C. A. Herzog
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor as a risk factor for the development of anemia, and the impact of incident anemia on mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 1, 2005; 45(3): 391 - 399.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page