CLINICAL STUDY
Noninvasive detection and evaluation of atherosclerotic coronary plaques with multislice computed tomography1
Stephen Schroeder, MD*,
Andreas F. Kopp, MD ,
Andreas Baumbach, MD||,
Christoph Meisner, MA ,
Axel Kuettner, MD*,
Christian Georg, MD,
Bernd Ohnesorge, PhD ,
Christian Herdeg*,
Claus D. Claussen, MD and
Karl R. Karsch, MD, FESC, FACC, FRCP||
* Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Forchheim, Germany
Department of Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Forchheim, Germany
Institute for Medical Information Processing, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
Siemens AG, Medical Engineering, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany
|| Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Manuscript received June 21, 2000;
revised manuscript received November 14, 2000,
accepted December 15, 2000.
Reprint requests and correspondence: Prof. Dr. Karl R. Karsch, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom.
K.R.Karsch{at}bristol.ac.uk
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy in determining coronary lesion configuration by multislice computed tomography (MSCT). The results were compared with the findings of intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS).
BACKGROUND
The risk of acute coronary syndromes caused by plaque disruption and thrombosis depends on plaque composition rather than stenosis severity. Thus, the reliable noninvasive assessment of plaque configuration would constitute an important step forward for risk stratification in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Just recently, MSCT scanners became available for general purpose scanning. Due to improved spatial and temporal resolution, this new technology holds promise to allow for differentiation of coronary lesion configuration.
METHODS
The ICUS and MSCT scans (Somatom Volume Zoom, Siemens, Forchheim, Germany) were performed in 15 patients. Plaque composition was analyzed according to ICUS (plaque echogenity: soft, intermediate, calcified) and MSCT criteria (plaque density expressed by Hounsfield units [HU]).
RESULTS
Thirty-four plaques were analyzed. With ICUS, the plaques were classified as soft (n = 12), intermediate (n = 5) and calcified (n = 17). Using MSCT, soft plaques had a density of 14 ± 26 HU (range –42 to +47 HU), intermediate plaques of 91 ± 21 HU (61 to 112 HU) and calcified plaques of 419 ± 194 HU (126 to 736 HU). Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a significant difference of plaque density among the three groups (p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicate that coronary lesion configuration might be correctly differentiated by MSCT. Since also rupture-prone soft plaques can be detected by MSCT, this noninvasive method might become an important diagnostic tool for risk stratification in the near future.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | CAD | = coronary artery disease | | CT | = computed tomography | | EBCT | = electron beam computed tomography | | HU | = Hounsfield unit | | ICUS | = intracoronary ultrasound | | LAD | = left anterior descending artery | | MRI | = magnetic resonance imaging | | MSCT | = multislice computed tomography | | PTCA | = percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty | | RCA | = right coronary artery |
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