EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Quantification of renal blood flow with contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Kevin Wei, MD, FACC*  ,
Elizabeth Le, MD* ,
Jian-Ping Bin, MD*,
Matthew Coggins, BA*,
Jerrel Thorpe, RDCS* and
Sanjiv Kaul, MD, FACC*
* Cardiac Imaging Center, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Manuscript received May 23, 2000;
revised manuscript received September 7, 2000,
accepted December 1, 2000.
Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Kevin Wei, Box 158, Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
kw6n{at}virginia.edu
OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to determine the ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEU) to quantify renal tissue perfusion.
BACKGROUND
The kinetics of tracers used to assess renal perfusion are often complicated by countercurrent exchange, tubular transport or glomerular filtration. We hypothesized that, because gas-filled microbubbles are pure intravascular tracers with a rheology similar to that of red blood cells, CEU could be used to quantify renal tissue perfusion.
METHODS
During a continuous venous infusion of microbubbles (SonoVue), regional renal perfusion was quantified in nine dogs using CEU by destroying microbubbles and measuring their tissue replenishment with intermittent harmonic imaging. Both renal blood volume fraction and microbubble velocity were derived from pulsing-interval versus video-intensity plots. The product of the two was used to calculate renal nutrient blood flow. Renal arterial blood flow was independently measured with ultrasonic flow probes placed directly on the renal artery and was increased using dopamine and decreased by placement of a renal artery stenosis.
RESULTS
An excellent correlation was found between cortical nutrient blood flow using microbubbles and ultrasonic flow probe-derived renal blood flow (r = 0.82, p < 0.001) over a wide range (2.5 fold) of flows.
CONCLUSIONS
Ultrasound examination during microbubble infusion can be used to quantify total organ as well as regional nutrient blood flow to the kidney.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | BVF | = blood volume fraction | | CEU | = contrast-enhanced ultrasound | | NBF | = nutrient blood flow | | PI | = pulsing interval | | RBF | = renal arterial blood flow | | VI | = video intensity |
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