CLINICAL STUDY: HEART FAILURE
A rapid bedside test for B-type peptide predicts treatment outcomes in patients admitted for decompensated heart failure: a pilot study
Van Cheng, BS*,
Radmila Kazanagra, MD*,
Alex Garcia, LVN*,
Leslie Lenert, MD*  ,
Padma Krishnaswamy, MD*,
Nancy Gardetto, NP*,
Paul Clopton, BS* and
Alan Maisel, MD, FACC*
* Division of Cardiology, Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
Manuscript received April 27, 2000;
revised manuscript received September 20, 2000,
accepted October 26, 2000.
Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Alan Maisel, VAMC Cardiology 111-A, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, California 921161
amaisel{at}ucsd.edu
OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to determine if B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels predict outcomes of patients admitted with decompensated heart failure.
BACKGROUND
Treatment of decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF) has often been based on titration of drugs to relieve patient’s symptoms, a case that could be made for attempting to also treat neurohormonal abnormalities. Because BNP reflects both elevated left ventricular pressure as well as neurohormonal modulation, we hypothesized that BNP might be useful in assessing outcomes in patients admitted with decompensated CHF.
METHODS
We followed 72 patients admitted with decompensated New York Heart Association class III to IV CHF, measuring daily BNP levels. We then determined the association between initial BNP measurement and the predischarge or premoribund BNP measurement and subsequent adverse outcomes (death and 30-day readmission).
RESULTS
Of the 72 patients admitted with decompensated CHF, 22 end points occurred (death: n = 13, readmission: n = 9). In these patients, BNP levels increased during hospitalization (mean increase, 233 pg/ml, p < 0.001). In patients without end points, BNP decreased (mean decrease 215 pg/ml). Univariate analysis revealed that the last measured BNP was strongly associated with the combined end point. In patients surviving hospitalization, BNP discharge concentrations were strong predictors of subsequent readmission (area under the receiver operator curve of 0.73).
CONCLUSIONS
In patients admitted with decompensated CHF, changes in BNP levels during treatment are strong predictors for mortality and early readmission. The results suggest that BNP levels might be used successfully to guide treatment of patients admitted for decompensated CHF.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | BNP | = B-type natriuretic peptide | | CHF | = congestive heart failure | | LV | = left ventricle, left ventricular | | NYHA | = New York Heart Association | | SEM | = standard error of the mean |
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