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J Am Coll Cardiol, 1999; 34:1413-1419
© 1999 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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CLINICAL STUDIES

ST-segment monitoring with continuous 12-lead ECG improves early risk stratification in patients with chest pain and ECG nondiagnostic of acute myocardial infarction

Tomas Jernberg, MDa, Bertil Lindahl, MD, PhDa and Lars Wallentin, MD, PhDa

a Department of Cardiology, Cardiothoracic Center, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden

Manuscript received January 5, 1999; revised manuscript received June 8, 1999, accepted June 30, 1999.

Reprint requests and correspondence: Tomas Jernberg, Department of Cardiology, Cardiothoracic Center, University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
tomas.jernberg{at}medicin.uu.se

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic importance of ischemic episodes detected by ST-segment monitoring with continuous 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) in a nonselected coronary care unit (CCU) population with chest pain and ECG nondiagnostic of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

BACKGROUND

Patients with chest pain and ECG nondiagnostic of AMI constitute a heterogeneous group concerning both diagnosis and prognosis. Continuous 12-lead ECG is a rather new method not thoroughly studied in this population.

METHODS

The ST-segment monitoring with continuous 12-lead ECG was performed for 12 h in 630 consecutive patients admitted to CCU due to chest pain and a nondiagnostic ECG, i.e., no ST-segment elevations. An ST-episode was defined as a transient ST-segment depression or elevation of at least 0.10 mV. The median follow-up time was six months.

RESULTS

A total of 176 ST-episodes occurred in 100 (15.9%) patients. The median duration and maximal ST-segment deviation in patients with ST-episodes were 80 min and 0.20 mV, respectively. Presence of ST-episodes predicted worse outcome concerning cardiac death and cardiac death or myocardial infarction (MI) (log-rank p < 0.001). At 30 day follow-up procedure, 10% versus 1.5% died from cardiac causes or had an MI in the group with and without ST-episodes, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, only troponin T ≥0.10 µg/l and the presence of ST-episodes came out as independent predictors of cardiac death or MI.

CONCLUSIONS

Continuous 12-lead ECG monitoring provides prognostic information on-line and considerably improves early risk stratification in patients with ECG nondiagnostic of AMI and symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome.

Abbreviations and Acronyms
  AMI = acute myocardial infarction
  CCU = coronary care unit
  CK-MB = creatine kinase isoenzyme
  ECG = electrocardiography
  LBBB = left bundle branch block
  MI = myocardial infarction
  UCAD = unstable coronary artery disease
  VCG = vectorcardiography




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