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CLINICAL STUDIES

Long-term reproducibility of electrophysiologically guided therapy with sotalol in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias

^a Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

Manuscript received April 3, 1998; revised manuscript received January 22, 1999, accepted February 12, 1999.

Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr Christian Mewis, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany

OBJECTIVES

Goal of this study was to assess the long-term reproducibility of electrophysiologic drug testing in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT/VF).

BACKGROUND

Programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) is still widely used to guide antiarrhythmic therapy in patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF). Sotalol is considered as one of the most effective drugs for VT/VF. Because there is no proof of long-term reproducibility of a successful drug test with sotalol, we investigated the long-term reproducibility of drug testing with sotalol.

METHODS

Thirty patients with VT/VF (age: 57 ± 11 years, 20 patients with coronary heart disease, 7 patients with no structural heart disease, 3 with others) and reproducible induction of VT/VF (28 patients VT, two patients VF) in a baseline PVS, were suppressible with sotalol (mean dosage 395 ± 137 mg) in a subsequent PVS. After a mean follow-up of 13 ± 10 months a PVS was again performed in patients, who had no evidence of progressive cardiac disease, who did not experience any arrhythmia recurrences or who were drug compliant. Irrespective of the inducibility after long-term therapy with sotalol, all patients were kept on the initial sotalol regimen. All 30 patients had a stable cardiac condition, were free of VT/VF recurrences and were drug compliant.

RESULTS

Despite the clinical efficacy of sotalol, in 12 patients (40%) VT/VF could again be induced after 13 ± 10.2 months. Inducibility was independent of age, heart disease, ejection fraction and follow-up time. During a further follow-up of 22.1 ± 10.9 months, five patients experienced nonfatal VT recurrences independently of the prior inducibility.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows a lacking long-term reproducibility of an initial effective PVS with sotalol. Despite an uneventful clinical follow-up, late electrophysiologic testing showed a VT/VF inducibility in a high portion of patients. Hence, electrophysiologic testing performed late after the initial drug test may no longer be predictive of outcome.

Abbreviations and Acronyms   CL = cycle length   EP = electrophysiologic   ICD = implantable cardioverter–defibrillator   PVS = programmed ventricular stimulation   SCD = sudden cardiac death   VF = sustained ventricular fibrillation   VT = sustained ventricular tachycardia

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