CLINICAL STUDIES
The effects of New York’s bypass surgery provider profiling on access to care and patient outcomes in the elderly
Eric D. Peterson, MD, MPH*  ,
Elizabeth R. DeLong, PhD*  ,
James G. Jollis, MD, FACC* ,
Lawrence H. Muhlbaier, PhD* and
Daniel B. Mark, MD, MPH, FACC*
* Outcomes Research and Assessment Group, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Division of Biometry, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
Manuscript received November 19, 1997;
revised manuscript received June 2, 1998,
accepted June 12, 1998.
Address for correspondence: Dr. Eric D. Peterson, Box 3236, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
PETER016{at}MC.DUKE.EDU
Objective. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of provider profiling on bypass surgery access and outcomes in elderly patients in New York.
Background. Since 1989, New York (NY) has compiled provider-specific bypass surgery mortality reports. While some have proposed that "provider profiling" has led to lower surgical mortality rates, critics have suggested that such programs lower in-state procedural access (increasing out-of-state transfers) without improving patient outcomes.
Methods. Using national Medicare data, we examined trends in the percentages of NY residents aged 65 years or older receiving out-of-state bypass surgery between 1987 and 1992 (before and after program initiation). We also examined in-state procedure use among elderly myocardial infarction patients during this period. Finally, we compared trends in surgical outcomes in NY Medicare patients with those for the rest of the nation.
Results. Between 1987 and 1992, the percentage of NY residents receiving bypass out-of-state actually declined (from 12.5% to 11.3%, p < 0.01 for trend). An elderly patient’s likelihood for bypass following myocardial infarction in NY increased significantly since the program’s initiation. Between 1987 and 1992, unadjusted 30-day mortality rates following bypass declined by 33% in NY Medicare patients compared with a 19% decline nationwide (p < 0.001). As a result of this improvement, NY had the lowest risk-adjusted bypass mortality rate of any state in 1992.
Conclusions. We found no evidence that NY’s provider profiling limited procedure access in NY’s elderly or increased out-of-state transfers. Despite an increasing preoperative risk profile, procedural outcomes in NY improved significantly faster than the national average.
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