JACC
HOME SUBSCRIPTIONS CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES CARDIOSOURCE SEARCH HELP FEEDBACK
 QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     


J Am Coll Cardiol, 1998; 31:1217-1225
© 1998 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Mehta, J.
Right arrow Articles by Rand, K
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Mehta, J.
Right arrow Articles by Rand, K

Interactive role of infection, inflammation and traditional risk factors in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease

JL Mehta, TG Saldeen, and K Rand

Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610, USA. mehta@medmac.ufl.edu

Although first suggested at the turn of the 20th century, there is a renewed interest in the infectious theory of atherosclerosis. Studies done in many laboratories around the world over the past several years have shown an association between markers of inflammation and coronary atherosclerosis with an exacerbation of the inflammatory process during acute myocardial ischemia, particularly in the early stages of reperfusion. It is also being recognized that the traditional risk factors, such as smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, do not explain the presence of coronary atherosclerosis in a large proportion of patients. We believe that in certain genetically susceptible people, infection with very common organisms, such as Chlamydia pneumoniae or cytomegalovirus, may lead to a localized infection and a chronic inflammatory reaction. Persistence of infection may relate to the degree of inflammation and severity of atherosclerosis. Early trials with appropriate antibiotic agents in some patients with a recent history of acute myocardial infarction have led to very salutary results. If patients with an infectious basis of atherosclerosis can be identified, a therapy directed at eradication of the offending organism may be appropriate.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
CVIHome page
A. Palikhe, M.-L. Lokki, P. Saikku, M. Leinonen, M. Paldanius, M. Seppanen, V. Valtonen, M. S. Nieminen, and J. Sinisalo
Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection with HLA-B*35 in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Clin. Vaccine Immunol., January 1, 2008; 15(1): 55 - 59.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
ANGIOLOGYHome page
V. Mallika, B. Goswami, and M. Rajappa
Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology and the Role of Novel Risk Factors: A Clinicobiochemical Perspective
Angiology, November 1, 2007; 58(5): 513 - 522.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
J Am Coll CardiolHome page
C. Ruggiero, E. J. Metter, A. Cherubini, M. Maggio, R. Sen, S. S. Najjar, G. B. Windham, A. Ble, U. Senin, and L. Ferrucci
White Blood Cell Count and Mortality in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 8, 2007; 49(18): 1841 - 1850.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
StrokeHome page
A. K. Njamnshi, K. N. Blackett, J. N. Mbuagbaw, F. Gumedze, S. Gupta, and C. S. Wiysonge
Chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection and Stroke in Cameroon: A Case-Control Study
Stroke, March 1, 2006; 37(3): 796 - 799.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Infect. Immun.Home page
P. H. Rodrigues and A. Progulske-Fox
Gene Expression Profile Analysis of Porphyromonas gingivalis during Invasion of Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells
Infect. Immun., September 1, 2005; 73(9): 6169 - 6173.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
ANGIOLOGYHome page
M. J. Zibaeenezhad, A. Amanat, A. Alborzi, and A. Obudi
Relation of Chlamydia Pneumoniae Infection to Documented Coronary Artery Disease in Shiraz, Southern Iran
Angiology, January 1, 2005; 56(1): 43 - 48.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
J. Lipid Res.Home page
S. A. Vielma, M. Mironova, J.-R. Ku, and M. F. Lopes-Virella
Oxidized LDL further enhances expression of adhesion molecules in Chlamydophila pneumoniae-infected endothelial cells
J. Lipid Res., May 1, 2004; 45(5): 873 - 880.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Diabetes CareHome page
K. Ohshita, K. Yamane, M. Hanafusa, H. Mori, K. Mito, M. Okubo, H. Hara, and N. Kohno
Elevated White Blood Cell Count in Subjects With Impaired Glucose Tolerance
Diabetes Care, February 1, 2004; 27(2): 491 - 496.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
W. Zhang, D. Li, and J. L. Mehta
Role of AIF in human coronary artery endothelial cell apoptosis
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2004; 286(1): H354 - H358.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Dent. Res.Home page
R. Tuominen, A. Reunanen, M. Paunio, I. Paunio, and A. Aromaa
Oral Health Indicators Poorly Predict Coronary Heart Disease Deaths
J. Dent. Res., September 1, 2003; 82(9): 713 - 718.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
CVIHome page
H. F. Berg, B. Maraha, G.-J. Scheffer, M. F. Peeters, and J. A. J. W. Kluytmans
Effect of Clarithromycin on Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Atherosclerosis
Clin. Vaccine Immunol., July 1, 2003; 10(4): 525 - 528.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Endocr. Rev.Home page
J. M. Fernandez-Real and W. Ricart
Insulin Resistance and Chronic Cardiovascular Inflammatory Syndrome
Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2003; 24(3): 278 - 301.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Eur Heart JHome page
A. Natali, A. L'Abbate, and E. Ferrannini
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, coronary atherosclerosis, and cardiac mortality
Eur. Heart J., April 1, 2003; 24(7): 639 - 648.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
X. Z. Ruan, Z. Varghese, and J. F. Moorhead
Inflammation modifies lipid-mediated renal injury
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., January 1, 2003; 18(1): 27 - 32.
[Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
A. C. Sposito and M. J. Chapman
Statin Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Mechanistic Insight Into Clinical Benefit
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., October 1, 2002; 22(10): 1524 - 1534.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
S. Tokuno, K. Hinokiyama, K. Tokuno, C. Lowbeer, L.-O. Hansson, and G. Valen
Spontaneous Ischemic Events in the Brain and Heart Adapt the Hearts of Severely Atherosclerotic Mice to Ischemia
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., June 1, 2002; 22(6): 995 - 1001.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Clin. Microbiol. Rev.Home page
J. Boman and M. R. Hammerschlag
Chlamydia pneumoniae and Atherosclerosis: Critical Assessment of Diagnostic Methods and Relevance to Treatment Studies
Clin. Microbiol. Rev., January 1, 2002; 15(1): 1 - 20.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
J Am Coll CardiolHome page
G. Valen, Z.-q. Yan, and G.o. K. Hansson
Nuclear factor kappa-B and the heart
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 1, 2001; 38(2): 307 - 314.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Eur Heart JHome page
M Fujiwara, T Tamura, K Yoshida, K Nakagawa, M Nakao, M Yamanouchi, N Shikama, T Himi, and Y Masuda
Coronary flow reserve in angiographically normal coronary arteries with one-vessel coronary artery disease without traditional risk factors
Eur. Heart J., March 2, 2001; 22(6): 479 - 487.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
A. Hoffmeister, D. Rothenbacher, G. Bode, K. Persson, W. Marz, M. A. Nauck, H. Brenner, V. Hombach, and W. Koenig
Current Infection With Helicobacter pylori, but Not Seropositivity to Chlamydia pneumoniae or Cytomegalovirus, Is Associated With an Atherogenic, Modified Lipid Profile
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., March 1, 2001; 21(3): 427 - 432.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
StrokeHome page
S. F. Ameriso, E. A. Fridman, R. C. Leiguarda, G. E. Sevlever, and J. D. Spence
Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques Editorial Comment
Stroke, February 1, 2001; 32(2): 385 - 391.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Eur Heart JHome page
R.R Azar, S Rinfret, P Theroux, P.H Stone, R Dakshinamurthy, Y.-J Feng, A.H.B Wu, G Range, and D.D Waters
A randomized placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of antiinflammatory therapy with methylprednisolone in unstable angina (MUNA trial)
Eur. Heart J., December 2, 2000; 21(24): 2026 - 2032.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
J. Virol.Home page
A. J. Dal Canto, H. W. Virgin IV, and S. H. Speck
Ongoing Viral Replication Is Required for Gammaherpesvirus 68-Induced Vascular Damage
J. Virol., December 1, 2000; 74(23): 11304 - 11310.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
Eur Heart JHome page
G Erikssen, K Liestol, J.V Bjornholt, H Stormorken, E Thaulow, and J Erikssen
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate: a possible marker of atherosclerosis and a strong predictor of coronary heart disease mortality
Eur. Heart J., October 1, 2000; 21(19): 1614 - 1620.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
CirculationHome page
P. Liuba, P. Karnani, E. Pesonen, I. Paakkari, A. Forslid, L. Johansson, K. Persson, T. Wadstrom, and R. Laurini
Endothelial Dysfunction After Repeated Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice
Circulation, August 29, 2000; 102(9): 1039 - 1044.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
G. Valen, G. Paulsson, A. M. Bennet, G. K. Hansson, and J. Vaage
Gene expression of inflammatory mediators in different chambers of the human heart
Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 2000; 70(2): 562 - 567.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Cardiovasc ResHome page
G. Valen, G. K Hansson, A. Dumitrescu, and J. Vaage
Unstable angina activates myocardial heat shock protein 72, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and transcription factors NF{kappa}B and AP-1
Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2000; 47(1): 49 - 56.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
N. Fournier, V. Atger, J.-L. Paul, M. Sturm, N. Duverger, G. H. Rothblat, and N. Moatti
Human ApoA-IV Overexpression in Transgenic Mice Induces cAMP-Stimulated Cholesterol Efflux From J774 Macrophages to Whole Serum
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., May 1, 2000; 20(5): 1283 - 1292.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Exp. Med.Home page
S. D. Wright, C. Burton, M. Hernandez, H. Hassing, J. Montenegro, S. Mundt, S. Patel, D. J. Card, A. Hermanowski-Vosatka, J. D. Bergstrom, et al.
Infectious Agents Are Not Necessary for Murine Atherogenesis
J. Exp. Med., April 18, 2000; 191(8): 1437 - 1442.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
HeartHome page
X Garcia-Moll, D Cole, E Zouridakis, and J C Kaski
Increased serum neopterin: a marker of coronary artery disease activity in women
Heart, March 1, 2000; 83(3): 346 - 350.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
J Am Coll CardiolHome page
A. Hoffmeister, D. Rothenbacher, P. Wanner, G. Bode, K. Persson, H. Brenner, V. Hombach, and W. Koenig
Seropositivity to chlamydial lipopolysaccharide and chlamydia pneumoniae, systemic inflammation and stable coronary artery disease: Negative results of a case-control study
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 1, 2000; 35(1): 112 - 118.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
CirculationHome page
W. Koenig, D. Rothenbacher, A. Hoffmeister, M. Miller, G. Bode, G. Adler, V. Hombach, W. Marz, M. B. Pepys, and H. Brenner
Infection With Helicobacter pylori Is Not a Major Independent Risk Factor for Stable Coronary Heart Disease : Lack of a Role of Cytotoxin-Associated Protein A-Positive Strains and Absence of a Systemic Inflammatory Response
Circulation, December 7, 1999; 100(23): 2326 - 2331.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J. Biol. Chem.Home page
P. Delerive, K. De Bosscher, S. Besnard, W. Vanden Berghe, J. M. Peters, F. J. Gonzalez, J.-C. Fruchart, A. Tedgui, G. Haegeman, and B. Staels
Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor alpha Negatively Regulates the Vascular Inflammatory Gene Response by Negative Cross-talk with Transcription Factors NF-kappa B and AP-1
J. Biol. Chem., November 5, 1999; 274(45): 32048 - 32054.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Cardiovasc ResHome page
J.L Mehta and D.Y Li
Inflammation in ischemic heart disease: Response to tissue injury or a pathogenetic villain?
Cardiovasc Res, August 1, 1999; 43(2): 291 - 299.
[Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
CirculationHome page
S. E. Epstein, Y. F. Zhou, and J. Zhu
Infection and Atherosclerosis : Emerging Mechanistic Paradigms
Circulation, July 27, 1999; 100 (4): e20 - e28.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
HeartHome page
Y-K Wong, P J Gallagher, and M E Ward
Chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis
Heart, March 1, 1999; 81(3): 232 - 238.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


Home page
CirculationHome page
C. Bartels, M. Maass, G. Bein, R. Malisius, N. Brill, J. F. M. Bechtel, F. Sayk, A. C. Feller, and H.-H. Sievers
Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae But Not Cytomegalovirus in Occluded Saphenous Vein Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts
Circulation, February 23, 1999; 99(7): 879 - 882.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
CirculationHome page
E. Braunwald
Unstable Angina : An Etiologic Approach to Management
Circulation, November 24, 1998; 98(21): 2219 - 2222.
[Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
J Am Coll CardiolHome page
G. Caligiuri, G. Liuzzo, L. M. Biasucci, and A. Maseri
Immune system activation follows inflammation in unstable angina: pathogenetic implications
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 1, 1998; 32(5): 1295 - 1304.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
CirculationHome page
L. Li, E. Messas, E. L. Batista Jr, R. A. Levine, and S. Amar
Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection Accelerates the Progression of Atherosclerosis in a Heterozygous Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Murine Model
Circulation, February 19, 2002; 105(7): 861 - 867.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




HOME SUBSCRIPTIONS CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES CARDIOSOURCE SEARCH HELP FEEDBACK
Copyright © 1998 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.