|
|
||||||||||
|
J Am Coll Cardiol, 1996; 28:573-579 © 1996 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation |
Cardiothoracic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Trust, London, England, United Kingdom.
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to examine whether endothelial function is impaired in the large vessels of asymptomatic young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes and whether endothelial dysfunction is related to duration or control of diabetes, small-vessel disease or other vascular risk factors. BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis, and large-vessel atherosclerotic disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes. METHODS: We compared 80 young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes (15 to 40 years old; mean [+/- SD] diabetes duration 13 +/- 8 years) with 80 matched nondiabetic control subjects. Using high resolution vascular ultrasound, we measured brachial artery responses to reactive hyperemia (with increased flow causing endothelium-dependent dilation) and sublingual glyceryltrinitrate (causing endothelium-independent dilation). RESULTS: Flow-mediated dilation was significantly impaired in diabetic subjects (5.0 +/- 3.7% vs. 9.3 +/- 3.8% in control subjects, p < 0.001). The ratio of flow-mediated dilation to glyceryltrinitrate-induced dilation was significantly lower in the diabetic subjects (p < 0.02), indicating that impaired dilation to increased flow was out of proportion to the impairment of the glyceryltrinitrate response in these subjects (15.6 +/- 5.6% vs. 19.7 +/- 6.6% in control subjects, p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, flow-mediated dilation was inversely related to both duration of diabetes (r = -0.26, p < 0.05) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (r = -0.38, p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Vascular reactivity is impaired in the systemic arteries of asymptomatic young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes and may represent early large-vessel disease. The degree of impairment is related to the duration of diabetes, and these patients appear particularly vulnerable to damage from LDL cholesterol, even at levels considered acceptable in nondiabetic subjects.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
A. O. Stirban and D. Tschoepe Cardiovascular Complications in Diabetes: Targets and interventions Diabetes Care, February 1, 2008; 31(Supplement_2): S215 - S221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. H. McNulty, M. A. Tulli, B. J. Robertson, V. Lendel, L. A. Harach, S. Scott, and J. P. Boehmer Effect of simulated postprandial hyperglycemia on coronary blood flow in cardiac transplant recipients Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2007; 293(1): H103 - H108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. A. Beckman, A. B. Goldfine, A. Dunaif, M. Gerhard-Herman, and M. A. Creager Endothelial Function Varies According to Insulin Resistance Disease Type Diabetes Care, May 1, 2007; 30(5): 1226 - 1232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T H Schindler, A D Facta, J O Prior, J Cadenas, W A Hsueh, M J Quinones, and H R Schelbert Improvement in coronary vascular dysfunction produced with euglycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes Heart, March 1, 2007; 93(3): 345 - 349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. M. Madsen, H. M. Sondergaard, M. Bottcher, N. H. Buus, O. Schmitz, H. E. Botker, and T. T. Nielsen Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on Nitric Oxide and Adrenergic Modulation of Myocardial Perfusion Diabetes, February 1, 2007; 56(2): 468 - 475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Gkaliagkousi, A. Shah, and A. Ferro Review: Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of endothelial dysfunction: relevance to diabetes The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, January 1, 2007; 7(1): 5 - 10. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Stirban, M. Negrean, B. Stratmann, T. Gawlowski, T. Horstmann, C. Gotting, K. Kleesiek, M. Mueller-Roesel, T. Koschinsky, J. Uribarri, et al. Benfotiamine prevents macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress following a meal rich in advanced glycation end products in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, September 1, 2006; 29(9): 2064 - 2071. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. E. MacKenzie, E. J. Wiltshire, R. Gent, C. Hirte, L. Piotto, and J. J. Couper Folate and Vitamin B6 Rapidly Normalize Endothelial Dysfunction In Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Pediatrics, July 1, 2006; 118(1): 242 - 253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. H. Schindler, J. Cardenas, J. O. Prior, A. D. Facta, M. C. Kreissl, X.-L. Zhang, J. Sayre, M. Dahlbom, J. Licinio, and H. R. Schelbert Relationship Between Increasing Body Weight, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, Adipocytokine Leptin, and Coronary Circulatory Function J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 21, 2006; 47(6): 1188 - 1195. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. J. Pepine, R. A. Kerensky, C. R. Lambert, K. M. Smith, G. O. von Mering, G. Sopko, and C. N. Bairey Merz Some Thoughts on the Vasculopathy of Women With Ischemic Heart Disease J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 7, 2006; 47(3_Suppl_S): S30 - S35. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. J. Abularrage, A. N. Sidawy, G. Aidinian, N. Singh, J. M. Weiswasser, and S. Arora Evaluation of Macrocirculatory Endothelium-Dependent and Endothelium-Independent Vasoreactivity in Vascular Disease Perspectives in Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, September 1, 2005; 17(3): 245 - 253. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Molnar, S. Yu, N. Mzhavia, C. Pau, I. Chereshnev, and H. M. Dansky Diabetes Induces Endothelial Dysfunction but Does Not Increase Neointimal Formation in High-Fat Diet Fed C57BL/6J Mice Circ. Res., June 10, 2005; 96(11): 1178 - 1184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. L. Moens, I. Goovaerts, M. J. Claeys, and C. J. Vrints Flow-Mediated Vasodilation: A Diagnostic Instrument, or an Experimental Tool? Chest, June 1, 2005; 127(6): 2254 - 2263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
F. Mittermayer, G. Schaller, J. Pleiner, A. Vychytil, G. Sunder-Plassmann, W. H. Horl, and M. Wolzt Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine Plasma Concentrations Are Related to Basal Nitric Oxide Release but Not Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation of Resistance Arteries in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2005; 16(6): 1832 - 1838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Charakida, A. E. Donald, M. Terese, S. Leary, J. P. Halcox, A. Ness, G. D. Smith, J. Golding, P. Friberg, N. J. Klein, et al. Endothelial Dysfunction in Childhood Infection Circulation, April 5, 2005; 111(13): 1660 - 1665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. L. Bots, J. Westerink, T. J. Rabelink, and E. J.P. de Koning Assessment of flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery: effects of technical aspects of the FMD measurement on the FMD response Eur. Heart J., February 2, 2005; 26(4): 363 - 368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. J. Haller, M. Samyn, W. W. Nichols, T. Brusko, C. Wasserfall, R. F. Schwartz, M. Atkinson, J. J. Shuster, G. L. Pierce, and J. H. Silverstein Radial Artery Tonometry Demonstrates Arterial Stiffness in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes Care, December 1, 2004; 27(12): 2911 - 2917. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Janatuinen, J. Knuuti, J. O. Toikka, M. Ahotupa, P. Nuutila, T. Ronnemaa, and O. T. Raitakari Effect of Pravastatin on Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation and Myocardial Perfusion in Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., July 1, 2004; 24(7): 1303 - 1308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Stoner, M. Sabatier, K. Edge, and K. McCully Relationship between blood velocity and conduit artery diameter and the effects of smoking on vascular responsiveness J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2004; 96(6): 2139 - 2145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
F. R. DANESH and Y. S. KANWAR Modulatory effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in diabetic microangiopathy FASEB J, May 1, 2004; 18(7): 805 - 815. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Singhal, T. J. Cole, M. Fewtrell, J. Deanfield, and A. Lucas Is Slower Early Growth Beneficial for Long-Term Cardiovascular Health? Circulation, March 9, 2004; 109(9): 1108 - 1113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. S. Fox, L. Sullivan, R. B. D'Agostino Sr, and P. W.F. Wilson The Significant Effect of Diabetes Duration on Coronary Heart Disease Mortality: The Framingham Heart Study Diabetes Care, March 1, 2004; 27(3): 704 - 708. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. S. Reed, N. Charkoudian, A. Vella, P. Shah, R. A. Rizza, and M. J. Joyner Forearm vascular control during acute hyperglycemia in healthy humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, March 1, 2004; 286(3): E472 - E480. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
E. J. Benjamin, M. G. Larson, M. J. Keyes, G. F. Mitchell, R. S. Vasan, J. F. Keaney Jr, B. T. Lehman, S. Fan, E. Osypiuk, and J. A. Vita Clinical Correlates and Heritability of Flow-Mediated Dilation in the Community: The Framingham Heart Study Circulation, February 10, 2004; 109(5): 613 - 619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. A. Beckman, A. B. Goldfine, M. B. Gordon, L. A. Garrett, J. F. Keaney Jr., and M. A. Creager Oral antioxidant therapy improves endothelial function in Type 1 but not Type 2 diabetes mellitus Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2003; 285(6): H2392 - H2398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. A. Creager, T. F. Luscher, F. Cosentino, and J. A. Beckman Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Clinical Consequences, and Medical Therapy: Part I Circulation, September 23, 2003; 108(12): 1527 - 1532. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. K. Plante and J. L. Nadler Diabetes and Vascular Disease Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, September 1, 2003; 7(3): 295 - 310. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. N. Chan, P. Vallance, and H. M. Colhoun Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vascular Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes: Role of Conventional Risk Factors, Sex, and Glycemic Control Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., June 1, 2003; 23(6): 1048 - 1054. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. D. Plotnick, M. C. Corretti, R. A. Vogel, R. Hesslink Jr, and J. A. Wise Effect of supplemental phytonutrients on impairment of the flow-mediated brachialartery vasoactivity after a single high-fat meal J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 21, 2003; 41(10): 1744 - 1749. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Fiorina, F. Folli, F. Bertuzzi, P. Maffi, G. Finzi, M. Venturini, C. Socci, A. Davalli, E. Orsenigo, L. Monti, et al. Long-Term Beneficial Effect of Islet Transplantation on Diabetic Macro-/Microangiopathy in Type 1 Diabetic Kidney-Transplanted Patients Diabetes Care, April 1, 2003; 26(4): 1129 - 1136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. P. Singh, H. Groehn, and A. Kazmers Vascular function and carotid intimal-medial thickness in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 19, 2003; 41(4): 661 - 665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Browne, D. Meeking, K. Shaw, and M. Cummings Review: Endothelial dysfunction and pre-symptomatic atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes -- pathogenesis and identification The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, January 1, 2003; 3(1): 27 - 34. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. J. Stewart, W. R. Hiatt, J. G. Regensteiner, and A. T. Hirsch Exercise Training for Claudication N. Engl. J. Med., December 12, 2002; 347(24): 1941 - 1951. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. J. Stewart Exercise Training and the Cardiovascular Consequences of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension: Plausible Mechanisms for Improving Cardiovascular Health JAMA, October 2, 2002; 288(13): 1622 - 1631. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. S. Hayward, M. Kraidly, C. M. Webb, and P. Collins Assessment of endothelial function using peripheral waveform analysis: A clinical application J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 7, 2002; 40(3): 521 - 528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. J. Wiltshire, R. Gent, C. Hirte, A. Pena, D. W. Thomas, and J. J. Couper Endothelial Dysfunction Relates to Folate Status in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes, July 1, 2002; 51(7): 2282 - 2286. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C.P.M Leeson, A Mann, M Kattenhorn, J.E Deanfield, A Lucas, and D.P.R Muller Relationship between circulating n-3 fatty acid concentrations and endothelial function in early adulthood Eur. Heart J., February 1, 2002; 23(3): 216 - 222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. C. B. Tan, W. S. Chow, S. C. F. Tam, V. H. G. Ai, C. H. L. Lam, and K. S. L. Lam Atorvastatin Lowers C-Reactive Protein and Improves Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2002; 87(2): 563 - 568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. J. Jarvisalo, T. Ronnemaa, I. Volanen, T. Kaitosaari, K. Kallio, J. J. Hartiala, K. Irjala, J. S. A. Viikari, O. Simell, and O. T. Raitakari Brachial artery dilatation responses in healthy children and adolescents Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2002; 282(1): H87 - H92. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. D. Savvidou, P. J.T. Vallance, K. H. Nicolaides, and A. D. Hingorani Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphism and Maternal Vascular Adaptation to Pregnancy Hypertension, December 1, 2001; 38(6): 1289 - 1293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
U. Weis, B. Turner, J. Gibney, G.F. Watts, V. Burke, K.M. Shaw, and M.H. Cummings Long-term predictors of coronary artery disease and mortality in type 1 diabetes QJM, November 1, 2001; 94(11): 623 - 630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. A van de Ree, M. V Huisman, F. H de Man, J. C van der Vijver, A.E. Meinders, and G. J Blauw Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in type 2 diabetes mellitus and the lack of effect of simvastatin Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 2001; 52(2): 299 - 305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Poredos State-of-the-Art Review: Endothelial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, October 1, 2001; 7(4): 276 - 280. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. A. Elhadd, T. A. Abdu, J. Oxtoby, G. Kennedy, M. McLaren, R. Neary, J. J. F. Belch, and R. N. Clayton Biochemical and Biophysical Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Adults with Hypopituitarism and Severe GH Deficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2001; 86(9): 4223 - 4232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Rizzoni, E. Porteri, D. Guelfi, M. L. Muiesan, U. Valentini, A. Cimino, A. Girelli, L. Rodella, R. Bianchi, I. Sleiman, et al. Structural Alterations in Subcutaneous Small Arteries of Normotensive and Hypertensive Patients With Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Circulation, March 6, 2001; 103(9): 1238 - 1244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. P. M. Leeson, M. Kattenhorn, R. Morley, A. Lucas, and J. E. Deanfield Impact of Low Birth Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Endothelial Function in Early Adult Life Circulation, March 6, 2001; 103(9): 1264 - 1268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Calles-Escandon and M. Cipolla Diabetes and Endothelial Dysfunction: A Clinical Perspective Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2001; 22(1): 36 - 52. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
K. S. Woo, P. Chook, W. B. Chan, W. Y. So, C. S. Cockram, and D. S. Celermajer Type 1 Diabetes and Arterial Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Chinese Adults Diabetes Care, January 1, 2001; 24(1): 173 - 173. [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
L. M. Title, P. M. Cummings, K. Giddens, and B. A. Nassar Oral glucose loading acutely attenuates endothelium-dependent vasodilation in healthy adults without diabetes: an effect prevented by vitamins C and E J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 2000; 36(7): 2185 - 2191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y Otsuka, S Miyazaki, H Okumura, S Yasuda, S Daikoku, I Morii, Y Sutani, Y Goto, and H Nonogi Abnormal glucose tolerance, not small vessel diameter, is a determinant of long-term prognosis in patients treated with balloon coronary angioplasty Eur. Heart J., November 1, 2000; 21(21): 1790 - 1796. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Perregaux, A. Chaudhuri, S. Rao, A. Airen, M. Wilson, B.-H. Sung, and P. Dandona Brachial Vascular Reactivity in Blacks Hypertension, November 1, 2000; 36(5): 866 - 871. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. J. Mullen, D. Wright, A. E. Donald, S. Thorne, H. Thomson, and J. E. Deanfield Atorvastatin but not L-arginine improves endothelial function in type I diabetes mellitus: a double-blind study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 1, 2000; 36(2): 410 - 416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. A. P. Skyrme-Jones, R. C. O'Brien, K. L. Berry, and I. T. Meredith Vitamin E supplementation improves endothelial function in type I diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 2000; 36(1): 94 - 102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Goodfellow, M. F. Bellamy, M. W. Ramsey, C. J. H. Jones, and M. J. Lewis Dietary supplementation with marine omega-3 fatty acids improve systemic large artery endothelial function in subjects with hypercholesterolemia J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 1, 2000; 35(2): 265 - 270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. A. P. Skyrme-Jones, R. C. O'Brien, M. Luo, and I. T. Meredith Endothelial vasodilator function is related to low-density lipoprotein particle size and low-density lipoprotein vitamin E content in type 1 diabetes J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 1, 2000; 35(2): 292 - 299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. C. B. Tan, V. H. G. Ai, W. S. Chow, M. T. Chau, L. Leong, and K. S. L. Lam Influence of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Subfraction Profile and LDL Oxidation on Endothelium-Dependent and Independent Vasodilation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 1999; 84(9): 3212 - 3216. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
K. L. Berry, R. A. P. Skyrme-Jones, J. D. Cameron, R. C. O'Brien, and I. T. Meredith Systemic arterial compliance is reduced in young patients with IDDM Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 1999; 276(6): H1839 - H1845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Clarkson, H. E. Montgomery, M. J. Mullen, A. E. Donald, A. J. Powe, T. Bull, M. Jubb, M. World, and J. E. Deanfield Exercise training enhances endothelial function in young men J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 1, 1999; 33(5): 1379 - 1385. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. J. A. Williams, W. H. F. Sutherland, M. P. McCormick, S. A. de Jong, R. J. Walker, and G. T. Wilkins Impaired endothelial function following a meal rich in used cooking fat J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 15, 1999; 33(4): 1050 - 1055. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M-D Enderle, S Schroeder, R Ossen, C Meisner, A Baumbach, H U Haering, K R Karsch, and M Pfohl Comparison of peripheral endothelial dysfunction and intimal media thickness in patients with suspected coronary artery disease Heart, October 1, 1998; 80(4): 349 - 354. |