Survival after myocardial infarction in rats: captopril versus losartan

Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tuscon, Arizona 85723, USA.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to compare the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition versus angiotensin II receptor blockade on survival in rats with myocardial infarction. BACKGROUND: The effects of specific nonpeptide angiotensin receptor blocking agents on survival after myocardial infarction are unknown. METHODS: Rats with a moderate to large myocardial infarction were treated with captopril (2 g/liter drinking water, n = 87) or losartan (2 g/liter drinking water, n = 96). Therapy was initiated immediately after coronary artery ligation and continued for 1 year. RESULTS: Uncensored median survival in captopril-treated rats that survived at least 48 h was 201.5 days versus 236.0 days for losartan-treated rats (p = 0.066). Median survival censored for rats with lung infections was 201.5 days in captopril-treated rats versus 243.0 days for losartan-treated rats (p = 0.028). Conscious hemodynamic measurements and remodeling data obtained at 1 year in the surviving rats (n = 5 for captopril; n = 9 for losarton) revealed no differences in heart weight, left ventricular pressure, dP/dt, cardiac index, time constant of relaxation or any variable of left ventricular remodeling. The only differences (mean +/- SD) were an increase in heart rate (293 +/- 19 vs. 266 +/- 15 beats/min, p < 0.05) and a decrease in peak developed pressure (153 +/- 21 vs. 180 +/- 16 mm Hg, p < 0.05) in the losartan-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in this experimental model of heart failure, there was no significant difference between survival after angiotensin II receptor blockade with losartan and with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with captopril.

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