Anterior leaflet procedures during mitral valve repair do not adversely influence long-term outcome

Department of Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York 10016.

OBJECTIVES. This study was done to assess the impact of anterior mitral leaflet reconstructive procedures on initial and long-term results of mitral valve repair. BACKGROUND. It has been suggested that involvement of the anterior leaflet in mitral valve disease adversely affects the long-term outcome of mitral valve repair. Our policy has been to aggressively repair such anterior leaflets with procedures that include triangular resections in some cases. METHODS. From June 1979 through June 1993, 558 consecutive Carpentier-type mitral valve repairs were performed. The anterior mitral leaflet and chordae tendineae were repaired in 156 patients (mean age 58 years). The procedures included anterior chordal shortening in 78 patients (50%), anterior leaflet resections in 44 (28%), resuspension of the anterior leaflet to secondary chordae in 42 (27%) and anterior chordal transposition in 27 (17%). Concomitant cardiac surgical procedures were performed in 75 patients (48%). RESULTS. The operative mortality rate was 2.5% (2 of 81) for isolated mitral valve anterior leaflet repair and 3.8% (6 of 156) for all mitral valve anterior leaflet repair. Freedom from reoperation at 5 and 10 years was, respectively, 89.7% (n = 160) and 83.4% (n = 24) for the entire series of 558 patients, 91.9% (n = 51) and 81.2% (n = 10) for patients with anterior leaflet procedures, 88.8% (n = 109) and 84.4% (n = 14) for patients without anterior leaflet procedures and 91.7% (n = 118) and 88.9% (n = 18) for patients without rheumatic disease. Logistic regression showed that rheumatic origin of disease (odds ratio 2.99), but not anterior leaflet repair, increased the risk for reoperation. CONCLUSIONS. These results demonstrate that expansion of mitral valve techniques to include anterior leaflet disease yields immediate and long-term results equal to those seen in patients with posterior leaflet disease.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. M. Gazoni, L. M. Fedoruk, J. A. Kern, J. M. Dent, T. B. Reece, C. G. Tribble, P. W. Smith, T. C. Lisle, and I. L. Kron A Simplified Approach to Degenerative Disease: Triangular Resections of the Mitral Valve Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 2007; 83(5): 1658 - 1665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Aubert, T. Barreda, C. Acar, P. Leprince, N. Bonnet, R. Ecochard, A. Pavie, and I. Gandjbakhch Mitral valve repair for commissural prolapse: surgical techniques and long term results Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, September 1, 2005; 28(3): 443 - 447. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Sakamoto, K. Hashimoto, H. Okuyama, S. Ishii, M. Hanai, T. Inoue, G. Shinohara, K. Morita, and H. Kurosawa Long-Term Assessment of Mitral Valve Reconstruction With Resection of the Leaflets: Triangular and Quadrangular Resection Ann. Thorac. Surg., February 1, 2005; 79(2): 475 - 479. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Gillinov Chordal transfer for repair of anterior leaflet prolapse MMCTS, January 1, 2005; 2005(0118): mmcts.2004.000901 - mmcts.2004.000901. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. L. Nielsen, T. A. Timek, G. R. Green, P. Dagum, G. T. Daughters, J. M. Hasenkam, A. F. Bolger, N. B. Ingels, and D. C. Miller Influence of Anterior Mitral Leaflet Second-Order Chordae Tendineae on Left Ventricular Systolic Function Circulation, July 29, 2003; 108(4): 486 - 491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Fasol Triangular resection of prolapsing anterior mitral leaflet: Reply Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 2002; 73(3): 1021 - 1021. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Aoyagi, S. Fukunaga, and H. Tomoeda Triangular resection of prolapsing anterior mitral leaflet. Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 2002; 73(3): 1020 - 1021. [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Fundaro, A. Moneta, E. Villa, M. Pocar, M. Triggiani, F. Donatelli, and A. Grossi Chordal plication and free edge remodeling for mitral anterior leaflet prolapse repair: 8-year follow-up Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 2001; 72(5): 1515 - 1519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. A. Grossi, A. LaPietra, A. C. Galloway, and S. B. Colvin History of mitral valve anterior leaflet repair with triangular resection. Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 2001; 72(5): 1794 - 1795. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A. Timek, S. L. Nielsen, G. R. Green, P. Dagum, A. F. Bolger, G. T. Daughters, J. M. Hasenkam, N. B. Ingels Jr, and D. C. Miller Influence of anterior mitral leaflet second-order chordae on leaflet dynamics and valve competence Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 2001; 72(2): 535 - 540. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. F. Duebener, O. Wendler, N. Nikoloudakis, T. Georg, R. Fries, and H.-J. Schafers Mitral-valve repair without annuloplasty rings: results after repair of anterior leaflet versus posterior-leaflet defects using polytetrafluoroethylene sutures for chordal replacement Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, March 1, 2000; 17(3): 206 - 212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Gillinov, D. M. Cosgrove III, S. Wahi, W. J. Stewart, B. W. Lytle, N. G. Smedira, P. M. McCarthy, P. N. Wierup, J. F. Sabik, and E. H. Blackstone Is anterior leaflet repair always necessary in repair of bileaflet mitral valve prolapse? Ann. Thorac. Surg., September 1, 1999; 68(3): 820 - 824. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Totaro, E. Tulumello, P. Fellini, M. Rambaldini, G. La Canna, G. Coletti, M. Zogno, and R. Lorusso Mitral valve repair for isolated prolapse of the anterior leaflet: an 11-year follow-up Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, February 1, 1999; 15(2): 119 - 126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. A. Grossi, A. C. Galloway, K. Kallenbach, J. S. Miller, R. Esposito, D. S. Schwartz, and S. B. Colvin Early Results of Posterior Leaflet Folding Plasty for Mitral Valve Reconstruction Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 1998; 65(4): 1057 - 1059. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. C. Spencer, A. C. Galloway, E. A. Grossi, G. H. Ribakove, J. Delianides, F. G. Baumann, and S. B. Colvin Recent Developments and Evolving Techniques of Mitral Valve Reconstruction Ann. Thorac. Surg., February 1, 1998; 65(2): 307 - 307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]