|
|
||||||||||
|
J Am Coll Cardiol, 1993; 21:225-232 © 1993 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation |
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
OBJECTIVES. We evaluated the influence of passive smoking on experimental atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. BACKGROUND. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been epidemiologically linked to death from ischemic heart disease in nonsmokers. METHODS. New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups after 2 weeks of a 0.3% cholesterol diet. Sixteen rabbits were exposed to a high and 16 rabbits to a low dose of ETS; 32 rabbits located in another room served as an unexposed control group. After 10 weeks of ETS exposure, all rabbits were killed, and the percent of aortic and pulmonary artery endothelial surfaces covered by lipid lesions was measured by staining and planimetry. RESULTS. Average air nicotine, carbon monoxide and total particulate concentrations were 1,040 micrograms/m3, 60.2 ppm and 32.8 mg/m3 for the high dose ETS group, 30 micrograms/m3, 18.8 ppm and 4.0 mg/m3 for the low dose ETS group and < 1 microgram/m3, 3.1 ppm and 0.13 mg/m3 for the control group. The percent atherosclerotic involvement of the aorta and pulmonary artery increased significantly with ETS exposure (for the aorta, 30 +/- 19% [mean +/- SD] for the control group, 36 +/- 14% for the low dose ETS group and 52 +/- 21% for the high dose ETS group, p < 0.001; for the pulmonary artery, 22 +/- 15% for the control group, 29 +/- 25% for the low dose ETS group, and 45 +/- 12% for the high dose ETS group, p < 0.001). Bleeding time was significantly shorter in the two ETS groups than in the control group (86 +/- 17 vs. 68 +/- 15, 68 +/- 18 s, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in serum triglycerides, cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS. Environmental tobacco smoke affects platelet function and increases aortic and pulmonary artery atherosclerosis. This increase of atherosclerosis was independent of changes in serum lipids and exhibited a dose-response relation. These results are consistent with data from epidemiologic studies demonstrating that ETS increases the risk of death due to heart disease.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
T. Raupach, K. Schafer, S. Konstantinides, and S. Andreas Secondhand smoke as an acute threat for the cardiovascular system: a change in paradigm Eur. Heart J., February 2, 2006; 27(4): 386 - 392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Barnoya and S. A. Glantz Cardiovascular Effects of Secondhand Smoke: Nearly as Large as Smoking Circulation, May 24, 2005; 111(20): 2684 - 2698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. E. Freedland, R. M. Carney, and J. A. Skala Depression and Smoking in Coronary Heart Disease Psychosom Med, May 1, 2005; 67(Supplement_1): S42 - S46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. J. DeGraba Immunogenetic Susceptibility of Atherosclerotic Stroke: Implications on Current and Future Treatment of Vascular Inflammation Stroke, November 1, 2004; 35(11_suppl_1): 2712 - 2719. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. E. Mullick, J. M. McDonald, G. Melkonian, P. Talbot, K. E. Pinkerton, and J. C. Rutledge Reactive carbonyls from tobacco smoke increase arterial endothelial layer injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): H591 - H597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B.-q. Zhu, R. E Sievers, A. E. Browne, R. T Hillman, K. Chair, R. J Lee, K. Chatterjee, S. A Glantz, and W. W Parmley The renin-angiotensin system does not contribute to the endothelial dysfunction and increased infarct size in rats exposed to second hand smoke Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, March 1, 2002; 3(1): 54 - 60. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. J. Hutchison, R. E. Sievers, B.-Q. Zhu, Y.-P. Sun, D. J. Stewart, W. W. Parmley, and K. Chatterjee Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Impairs Rabbit Pulmonary Artery Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation Chest, December 1, 2001; 120(6): 2004 - 2012. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Otsuka, H. Watanabe, K. Hirata, K. Tokai, T. Muro, M. Yoshiyama, K. Takeuchi, and J. Yoshikawa Acute Effects of Passive Smoking on the Coronary Circulation in Healthy Young Adults JAMA, July 25, 2001; 286(4): 436 - 441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y.-p. Sun, B.-q. Zhu, A. E. M. Browne, S. Pulukurthy, T. M. Chou, K. Sudhir, S. A. Glantz, P. C. Deedwania, K. Chatterjee, and W. W. Parmley Comparative Effects of ACE Inhibitors and an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Function Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, June 1, 2001; 6(2): 175 - 181. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. A. Glantz, W. W. Parmely, C. J. Smith, S. B. Sears, and T. H. Fischer Letter Toxicol. Sci., December 1, 2000; 58(2): 416 - 417. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
F. Visioli, C. Galli, E. Plasmati, S. Viappiani, A. Hernandez, C. Colombo, and A. Sala Olive Phenol Hydroxytyrosol Prevents Passive Smoking-Induced Oxidative Stress Circulation, October 31, 2000; 102(18): 2169 - 2171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. S. Woo, P. Chook, H. C. Leong, X. S. Huang, and D. S. Celermajer The impact of heavy passive smoking on arterial endothelial function in modernized Chinese J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 1, 2000; 36(4): 1228 - 1232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y.-P. Sun, N. C. Lu, W. W. Parmley, and C. B. Hollenbeck Effects of Cholesterol Diets on Vascular Function and Atherogenesis in Rabbits Experimental Biology and Medicine, July 1, 2000; 224(3): 166 - 171. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
S. J. Hutchison, K. Sudhir, R. E. Sievers, B.-Q. Zhu, Y.-P. Sun, T. M. Chou, K. Chatterjee, P. C. Deedwania, J. P. Cooke, S. A. Glantz, et al. Effects of L-Arginine on Atherogenesis and Endothelial Dysfunction due to Secondhand Smoke Hypertension, July 1, 1999; 34(1): 44 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
O. T. Raitakari, M. R. Adams, R. J. McCredie, K. A. Griffiths, and D. S. Celermajer Arterial Endothelial Dysfunction Related to Passive Smoking Is Potentially Reversible in Healthy Young Adults Ann Intern Med, April 6, 1999; 130(7): 578 - 581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. J. Hutchison, M. S. Reitz, K. Sudhir, R. E. Sievers, B.-Q. Zhu, Y.-P. Sun, T. M. Chou, P. C. Deedwania, K. Chatterjee, S. A. Glantz, et al. Chronic Dietary L-Arginine Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction Secondary to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Normocholesterolemic Rabbits Hypertension, May 1, 1997; 29(5): 1186 - 1191. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
K.A. Roberts, A.A. Rezai, K.E. Pinkerton, and J.C. Rutledge Effect of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on LDL Accumulation in the Artery Wall Circulation, November 1, 1996; 94(9): 2248 - 2253. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
S. A. Glantz and W. W. Parmley Passive and Active Smoking: A Problem for Adults Circulation, August 15, 1996; 94(4): 596 - 598. [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
K. Steenland, M. Thun, C. Lally, and C. Heath Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Coronary Heart Disease in the American Cancer Society CPS-II Cohort Circulation, August 15, 1996; 94(4): 622 - 628. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
I. Staprans, J. H. Rapp, X.-M. Pan, D. A. Hardman, and K. R. Feingold Oxidized Lipids in the Diet Accelerate the Development of Fatty Streaks in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 1996; 16(4): 533 - 538. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
T. Heitzer, S. Yla-Herttuala, J. Luoma, S. Kurz, T. Munzel, H. Just, M. Olschewski, and H. Drexler Cigarette Smoking Potentiates Endothelial Dysfunction of Forearm Resistance Vessels in Patients With Hypercholesterolemia : Role of Oxidized LDL Circulation, April 1, 1996; 93(7): 1346 - 1353. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
D. S. Celermajer, M. R. Adams, P. Clarkson, J. Robinson, R. McCredie, A. Donald, and J. E. Deanfield Passive Smoking and Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Arterial Dilatation in Healthy Young Adults N. Engl. J. Med., January 18, 1996; 334(3): 150 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical As Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Health Effects and Prevention Policies Arch Fam Med, October 1, 1994; 3(10): 865 - 871. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
| HOME | SUBSCRIPTIONS | CURRENT ISSUE | PAST ISSUES | CARDIOSOURCE | SEARCH | HELP | FEEDBACK |