Comparative effects of diabetes mellitus and hypertension on physical properties of human large arteries

Centre de Medecine Preventive Cardio-vasculaire, INSERM U 28, Hopital Broussais, Paris, France.

OBJECTIVES. The effects of hypertension and diabetes on the physical properties of large arteries were compared in men. BACKGROUND. Although these two diseases are linked to vascular stiffening, no study has analyzed whether the arterial rigidity in diabetes is as substantial as in hypertension. METHODS. Noninvasive measurements of brachial artery mean pressure, diameter (pulsed Doppler study) and compliance (pulse wave velocity) were obtained in 29 men: 11 control subjects, 9 hypertensive nondiabetic patients and 9 diabetic normotensive patients. Individual diameter- and compliance-pressure curves extrapolated from the measured diameter and mean pressure point with a logarithmic elastic model permitted calculation of isobaric diameter and compliance at the same pressure in each subject. RESULTS. Compared with control subjects, hypertensive patients had a larger brachial artery measured diameter and isobaric diameter (p < 0.01) and lower measured and isobaric compliance (p < 0.001, p < 0.01). Compared with control subjects, diabetic patients had lower measured and isobaric compliance (p < 0.01). Comparison of diabetic and hypertensive patients showed that measured diameter and isobaric diameter were decreased in the former (p < 0.01). In the control and hypertensive groups, mean pressure correlated positively with measured diameter and isobaric diameter (p < 0.01) and negatively with measured and isobaric compliance (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). In the control and diabetic groups, fasting glucose correlated negatively with measured and isobaric compliance (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS. Intrinsic alterations of the large artery independent of a stretching pressure effect reduce arterial elasticity similarly in those with hypertension or diabetes. The loss of compliance is related to the chronic elevation of blood pressure in hypertension and to that of glycemia in diabetes and is associated with a relative large artery vasoconstriction in diabetic patients as compared with patients with hypertension.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. Kolyva, J. A. E. Spaan, J. J. Piek, and M. Siebes Windkesselness of coronary arteries hampers assessment of human coronary wave speed by single-point technique Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): H482 - H490. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. J. Sommerfield, I. B. Wilkinson, D. J. Webb, and B. M. Frier Vessel wall stiffness in type 1 diabetes and the central hemodynamic effects of acute hypoglycemia Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2007; 293(5): E1274 - E1279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. G. Huebschmann, J. G. Regensteiner, H. Vlassara, and J. E.B. Reusch Diabetes and Advanced Glycoxidation End Products. Diabetes Care, June 1, 2006; 29(6): 1420 - 1432. [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Tajaddini, D. L. Kilpatrick, P. Schoenhagen, E. M. Tuzcu, M. Lieber, and D. G. Vince Impact of age and hyperglycemia on the mechanical behavior of intact human coronary arteries: an ex vivo intravascular ultrasound study Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): H250 - H255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. Bleasdale, K. H. Parker, and C. J. H. Jones Chasing the wave. Unfashionable but important new concepts in arterial wave travel Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2003; 284(6): H1879 - H1885. [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. M.A. Henry, P. J. Kostense, A. M.W. Spijkerman, J. M. Dekker, G. Nijpels, R. J. Heine, O. Kamp, N. Westerhof, L. M. Bouter, and C. D.A. Stehouwer Arterial Stiffness Increases With Deteriorating Glucose Tolerance Status: The Hoorn Study Circulation, April 29, 2003; 107(16): 2089 - 2095. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Kimoto, T. Shoji, K. Shinohara, M. Inaba, Y. Okuno, T. Miki, H. Koyama, M. Emoto, and Y. Nishizawa Preferential Stiffening of Central Over Peripheral Arteries in Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes, February 1, 2003; 52(2): 448 - 452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Sotoudeh, Y.-S. Li, N. Yajima, C.-C. Chang, T.-C. Tsou, Y. Wang, S. Usami, A. Ratcliffe, S. Chien, and J. Y.-J. Shyy Induction of apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells by mechanical stretch Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2002; 282(5): H1709 - H1716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Nicolaides and C. J. Jones Review: Type 2 diabetes -- implications for macrovascular mechanics and disease The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, January 1, 2002; 2(1): 9 - 12. [Abstract] [PDF]

				N. Guler, B. Eryonucu, M. Bilge, O. Etlik, R. Erkoc, and M. E. Sakarya Late Systolic Wave on Brachial Artery Blood Flow Velocity Pattern in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and its Relation to Vascular Stiffness Angiology, August 1, 2001; 52(8): 527 - 532. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. M. Dart and B. A. Kingwell Pulse pressure--a review of mechanisms and clinical relevance J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 15, 2001; 37(4): 975 - 984. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Barletta, M. L. De Feo, R. Del Bene, C. Lazzeri, S. Vecchiarino, G. La Villa, M. L. Brandi, and F. Franchi Cardiovascular Effects of Parathyroid Hormone: A Study in Healthy Subjects and Normotensive Patients with Mild Primary Hyperparathyroidism J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2000; 85(5): 1815 - 1821. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. Vavuranakis, C. Stefanadis, E. Triandaphyllidi, K. Toutouzas, and P. Toutouzas Coronary artery distensibility in diabetic patients with simultaneous measurements of luminal area and intracoronary pressure: Evidence of impaired reactivity to nitroglycerin J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 1, 1999; 34(4): 1075 - 1081. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Honda, M. Hamada, Y. Matsumoto, H. Matsuoka, Y. Shigematsu, and K. Hiwada Estimation of Aortic Wall Sclerosis in Hypertension by Use of Carotid Pulse Tracing and Cine Magnetic Resonance Angiology, February 1, 1996; 47(2): 157 - 163. [Abstract] [PDF]