Intravascular ultrasound imaging: in vitro validation and pathologic correlation

Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.

Intravascular ultrasound imaging is a new method in which high resolution images of the arterial wall are obtained with use of a catheter placed within an artery. An in vitro Plexiglas well model was used to validate measurements of the luminal area, and an excellent correlation was obtained. One hundred thirty segments of fresh peripheral arteries underwent ultrasound imaging and the findings were compared with the corresponding histopathologic sections. Luminal areas determined with ultrasound imaging correlated well with those calculated from microscopic slides (r = 0.98). Three patterns were identified on the ultrasound images: 1) distinct interface between media and adventitia, 2) indistinct interface between media and adventitia but different echo density layers, and 3) diffuse homogeneous appearance. The types of patterns depended on the relative composition of the media and adventitia. Calcification of intimal plaque obscured underlying structures. Atherosclerotic plaque was readily visualized but could not always be differentiated from the underlying media.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				H BRODOEFEL, C BURGSTAHLER, M HEUSCHMID, A REIMANN, F KHOSA, A KOPP, S SCHROEDER, C D CLAUSSEN, and M E CLOUSE Accuracy of dual-source CT in the characterisation of non-calcified plaque: use of a colour-coded analysis compared with virtual histology intravascular ultrasound Br. J. Radiol., October 1, 2009; 82(982): 805 - 812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. A. Kaufmann Ultrasound molecular imaging of atherosclerosis Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2009; 83(4): 617 - 625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. V. Bourantas, A. C. Tweddel, M. I. Papafaklis, P. S. Karvelis, D. I. Fotiadis, C. S. Katsouras, and L. K. Michalis Comparison of Quantitative Coronary Angiography With Intracoronary Ultrasound. Can Quantitative Coronary Angiography Accurately Estimate the Severity of a Luminal Stenosis? Angiology, April 1, 2009; 60(2): 169 - 179. [Abstract] [PDF]

				H. Brodoefel, C. Burgstahler, A. Sabir, C.-S. Yam, F. Khosa, C. D. Claussen, and M. E. Clouse Coronary Plaque Quantification by Voxel Analysis: Dual-Source MDCT Angiography Versus Intravascular Sonography Am. J. Roentgenol., March 1, 2009; 192(3): W84 - W89. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Hacker, H. X. Hoyer, C. Uebleis, P. Ueberfuhr, S. Foerster, C. La Fougere, and H.-U. Stempfle Quantitative assessment of cardiac allograft vasculopathy by real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography: a comparison with conventional echocardiographic analyses and [Tc99m]-sestamibi SPECT Eur J Echocardiogr, July 1, 2008; 9(4): 494 - 500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. P. Marso, S. K. Mehta, A. Frutkin, J. A. House, J. R. McCrary, and K. R. Kulkarni Low Adiponectin Levels Are Associated With Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Lipid-Rich Plaque in Nondiabetic Coronary Arteries Diabetes Care, May 1, 2008; 31(5): 989 - 994. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Kawamoto, H. Okura, Y. Koyama, I. Toda, H. Taguchi, K. Tamita, A. Yamamuro, Y. Yoshimura, Y. Neishi, E. Toyota, et al. The Relationship Between Coronary Plaque Characteristics and Small Embolic Particles During Coronary Stent Implantation J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 23, 2007; 50(17): 1635 - 1640. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Amato, P. Montorsi, A. Ravani, E. Oldani, S. Galli, P. M. Ravagnani, E. Tremoli, and D. Baldassarre Carotid intima-media thickness by B-mode ultrasound as surrogate of coronary atherosclerosis: correlation with quantitative coronary angiography and coronary intravascular ultrasound findings Eur. Heart J., September 1, 2007; 28(17): 2094 - 2101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. K. Mehta, J. R. McCrary, A. D. Frutkin, W. J.S. Dolla, and S. P. Marso Intravascular ultrasound radiofrequency analysis of coronary atherosclerosis: an emerging technology for the assessment of vulnerable plaque Eur. Heart J., June 1, 2007; 28(11): 1283 - 1288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Waxman, F. Ishibashi, and J. E. Muller Detection and Treatment of Vulnerable Plaques and Vulnerable Patients: Novel Approaches to Prevention of Coronary Events Circulation, November 28, 2006; 114(22): 2390 - 2411. [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Nasu, E. Tsuchikane, O. Katoh, D. G. Vince, R. Virmani, J.-F. Surmely, A. Murata, Y. Takeda, T. Ito, M. Ehara, et al. Accuracy of In Vivo Coronary Plaque Morphology Assessment: A Validation Study of In Vivo Virtual Histology Compared With In Vitro Histopathology J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 20, 2006; 47(12): 2405 - 2412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. N. DeMaria, J. Narula, E. Mahmud, and S. Tsimikas Imaging vulnerable plaque by ultrasound. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 18, 2006; 47(8 Suppl): C32 - C39. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. J. Botman, W. Arnoudse, O. Penn, and N. Pijls Long-Term Outcome After Surgical Left Main Coronary Angioplasty Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 2006; 81(3): 828 - 834. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G A Rodriguez-Granillo, P W Serruys, H M Garcia-Garcia, J Aoki, M Valgimigli, C A G van Mieghem, E McFadden, P P T de Jaegere, and P de Feyter Coronary artery remodelling is related to plaque composition Heart, March 1, 2006; 92(3): 388 - 391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. A. Rodriguez-Granillo, H. M. Garcia-Garcia, E. P. Mc Fadden, M. Valgimigli, J. Aoki, P. de Feyter, and P. W. Serruys In Vivo Intravascular Ultrasound-Derived Thin-Cap Fibroatheroma Detection Using Ultrasound Radiofrequency Data Analysis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 6, 2005; 46(11): 2038 - 2042. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Murashige, T. Hiro, T. Fujii, K. Imoto, T. Murata, Y. Fukumoto, and M. Matsuzaki Detection of Lipid-Laden Atherosclerotic Plaque by Wavelet Analysis of Radiofrequency Intravascular Ultrasound Signals: In Vitro Validation and Preliminary In Vivo Application J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 21, 2005; 45(12): 1954 - 1960. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Narula, A. V. Finn, and A. N. DeMaria Picking Plaques That Pop ... J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 21, 2005; 45(12): 1970 - 1973. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S.-J. Park, Y.-H. Kim, B.-K. Lee, S.-W. Lee, C. W. Lee, M.-K. Hong, J.-J. Kim, G. S. Mintz, and S.-W. Park Sirolimus-eluting stent implantation for unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis: Comparison with bare metal stent implantation J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 1, 2005; 45(3): 351 - 356. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C V Bourantas, M E Plissiti, D I Fotiadis, V C Protopappas, G V Mpozios, C S Katsouras, I C Kourtis, M R Rees, and L K Michalis In vivo validation of a novel semi-automated method for border detection in intravascular ultrasound images Br. J. Radiol., February 1, 2005; 78(926): 122 - 129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A.-A. Fassa, K. Wagatsuma, S. T. Higano, V. Mathew, G. W. Barsness, R. J. Lennon, D. R. Holmes Jr, and A. Lerman Intravascular ultrasound-guided treatment for angiographically indeterminate left main coronary artery disease: A long-term follow-up study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 18, 2005; 45(2): 204 - 211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Oshima, S. Takeshita, K. Kozuma, N. Yokoyama, K. Motoyoshi, S. Ishikawa, M. Honda, K. Oga, M. Ochiai, and T. Isshiki Intravascular Ultrasound Analysis of the Radial Artery for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Ann. Thorac. Surg., January 1, 2005; 79(1): 99 - 103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Sato, H. Iida, A. Tanaka, H. Tanaka, S. Shimodouzono, E. Uchida, T. Kawarabayashi, and J. Yoshikawa The decrease of plaque volume during percutaneous coronary intervention has a negative impact on coronary flow in acute myocardial infarction: A major role of percutaneous coronary intervention-induced embolization J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 21, 2004; 44(2): 300 - 304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Orford, A. Lerman, and D. R. Holmes Routine intravascular ultrasound guidance of percutaneous coronary intervention: A critical reappraisal J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 21, 2004; 43(8): 1335 - 1342. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-B. Liu and B. B. Goldberg Catheter-Based Intraluminal Sonography J. Ultrasound Med., February 1, 2004; 23(2): 145 - 160. [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Cheneau, L. Leborgne, G. S. Mintz, J.-i. Kotani, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, D. Canos, M. Castagna, N. J. Weissman, and R. Waksman Predictors of Subacute Stent Thrombosis: Results of a Systematic Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, July 8, 2003; 108(1): 43 - 47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Tozzi, A. F Corno, and L. K von Segesser Intravascular Ultrasound: Potential Tool to Assess Coronary Anastomosis Quality Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann, June 1, 2003; 11(2): 143 - 146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G Finet, N J Weissman, G S Mintz, L F Satler, K M Kent, J R Laird, G A Adelmann, A E Ajani, M T Castagna, G Rioufol, et al. Mechanism of lumen enlargement with direct stenting versus predilatation stenting: influence of remodelling and plaque characteristics assessed by volumetric intracoronary ultrasound Heart, January 1, 2003; 89(1): 84 - 90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Cabrera, D. Sanchez-Quintana, J. Farre, F. Navarro, J. M. Rubio, F. Cabestrero, R. H. Anderson, and S. Y. Ho Ultrasonic Characterization of the Pulmonary Venous Wall: Echographic and Histological Correlation Circulation, August 20, 2002; 106(8): 968 - 973. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Yoshitomi, S. Kojima, M. Yano, Y. Matsumoto, T. Sugi, M. Saotome, K.-e Tanaka, M. Endo, and M. Kuramochi Peristent Tissue Proliferation of Multilink Stents Is Dependent on Preprocedural Plaque Area: A Serial Intravascular Ultrasound Analysis Angiology, May 1, 2002; 53(3): 303 - 311. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C.L. de Korte, S.G. Carlier, F. Mastik, M.M. Doyley, A.F.W. van der Steen, P.W. Serruys, and N. Bom Morphological and mechanical information of coronary arteries obtained with intravascular elastography. Feasibility study in vivo Eur. Heart J., March 1, 2002; 23(5): 405 - 413. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Hoffmann, C. Jansen, A. Konig, P.K. Haager, G. Kerckhoff, J. Vom Dahl, V. Klauss, P. Hanrath, and H. Mudra Stent design related neointimal tissue proliferation in human coronary arteries; an intravascular ultrasound study Eur. Heart J., November 1, 2001; 22(21): 2007 - 2014. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S.-J. Park, M.-K. Hong, C. W. Lee, J.-J. Kim, J.-K. Song, D.-H. Kang, S.-W. Park, and G. S. Mintz Elective stenting of unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis: Effect of debulking before stenting and intravascular ultrasound guidance J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 1, 2001; 38(4): 1054 - 1060. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Beckman, J. Ganz, M. A. Creager, P. Ganz, and S. Kinlay Relationship of Clinical Presentation and Calcification of Culprit Coronary Artery Stenoses Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2001; 21(10): 1618 - 1622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S.-W. Park, M.-K. Hong, D. H. Moon, S. J. Oh, C. W. Lee, J.-J. Kim, and S.-J. Park Treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis with rotational atherectomy followed by radiation therapy with a rhenium-188-mercaptoacetyltriglycine-filled balloon J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 1, 2001; 38(3): 631 - 637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. M. Tuzcu, S. R. Kapadia, E. Tutar, K. M. Ziada, R. E. Hobbs, P. M. McCarthy, J. B. Young, and S. E. Nissen High Prevalence of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Teenagers and Young Adults : Evidence From Intravascular Ultrasound Circulation, June 5, 2001; 103(22): 2705 - 2710. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F Prati, E Arbustini, A Labellarte, B Dal Bello, L Sommariva, M T Mallus, A Pagano, and A Boccanelli Correlation between high frequency intravascular ultrasound and histomorphology in human coronary arteries Heart, May 1, 2001; 85(5): 567 - 570. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T. Kosokabe, K. Okumura, T. Sone, J. Kondo, H. Tsuboi, H. Mukawa, T. Tomida, T. Suzuki, H. Kamiya, H. Matsui, et al. Relation of a Common Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Mutation and Plasma Homocysteine With Intimal Hyperplasia After Coronary Stenting Circulation, April 24, 2001; 103(16): 2048 - 2054. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Kobayashi, Y. Honda, L. G. Christie, P. S. Teirstein, S. R. Bailey, C. L. Brown III, R. V. Matthews, A. C. De Franco, R. S. Schwartz, S. Goldberg, et al. Long-term vessel response to a self-expanding coronary stent: a serial volumetric intravascular ultrasound analysis from the ASSURE trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 1, 2001; 37(5): 1329 - 1334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. S. Mintz, S. E. Nissen, W. D. Anderson, S. R. Bailey, R. Erbel, P. J. Fitzgerald, F. J. Pinto, K. Rosenfield, R. J. Siegel, E. M. Tuzcu, et al. American College of Cardiology clinical expert consensus document on standards for acquisition, measurement and reporting of intravascular ultrasound studies (ivus): A report of the american college of cardiology task force on clinical expert consensus documents developed in collaboration with the european society of cardiology endorsed by the society of cardiac angiography and interventions J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 1, 2001; 37(5): 1478 - 1492. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Hiro, T. Fujii, K. Yasumoto, T. Murata, A. Murashige, and M. Matsuzaki Detection of Fibrous Cap in Atherosclerotic Plaque by Intravascular Ultrasound by Use of Color Mapping of Angle-Dependent Echo-Intensity Variation Circulation, March 6, 2001; 103(9): 1206 - 1211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. E. Nissen and P. Yock Intravascular Ultrasound : Novel Pathophysiological Insights and Current Clinical Applications Circulation, January 30, 2001; 103(4): 604 - 616. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Higuchi, N. Okuda, K. Aoki, Y. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, Y. Ohnishi, C. Hagi, F. Kikuchi, K. Okada, T. Kuno, et al. Intravascular ultrasound imaging before and after angioplasty for stenosis of arteriovenous fistulae in haemodialysis patients Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., January 1, 2001; 16(1): 151 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K Pethig, V Klauss, B Heublein, H Mudra, A Westphal, C Weber, K Theisen, and A Haverich Progression of cardiac allograft vascular disease as assessed by serial intravascular ultrasound: correlation to immunological and non-immunological risk factors Heart, November 1, 2000; 84(5): 494 - 498. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. Hibi, A. Takagi, X. Zhang, T.-J. Teo, H. N. Bonneau, P. G. Yock, and P. J. Fitzgerald Feasibility of a Novel Blood Noise Reduction Algorithm to Enhance Reproducibility of Ultra-High-Frequency Intravascular Ultrasound Images Circulation, October 3, 2000; 102(14): 1657 - 1663. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M. Ahmed, M. K. Hong, R. Mehran, G. Dangas, G. S. Mintz, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, K. M. Kent, H. Wu, G. W. Stone, et al. Influence of diabetes mellitus on early and late clinical outcomes in saphenous vein graft stenting J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 1, 2000; 36(4): 1186 - 1193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. de Korte, G. Pasterkamp, A. F. W. van der Steen, H. A. Woutman, and N. Bom Characterization of Plaque Components With Intravascular Ultrasound Elastography in Human Femoral and Coronary Arteries In Vitro Circulation, August 8, 2000; 102(6): 617 - 623. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. M. Ahmed, G. S. Mintz, N. J. Weissman, A. J. Lansky, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, and K. M. Kent Mechanism of Lumen Enlargement During Intracoronary Stent Implantation : An Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, July 4, 2000; 102(1): 7 - 10. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Mehran, G. Dangas, G. S. Mintz, R. Waksman, A. Abizaid, L. F. Satler, A. D. Pichard, K. M. Kent, A. J. Lansky, G. W. Stone, et al. Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis With Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty Versus Rotational Atherectomy : Comparative Mechanisms and Results Circulation, May 30, 2000; 101(21): 2484 - 2489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Hamasaki, S. T. Higano, J. A. Suwaidi, R. A. Nishimura, K. Miyauchi, D. R. Holmes Jr, and A. Lerman Cholesterol-Lowering Treatment Is Associated With Improvement in Coronary Vascular Remodeling and Endothelial Function in Patients With Normal or Mildly Diseased Coronary Arteries Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, March 1, 2000; 20(3): 737 - 743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Mehran, G. Dangas, G. S. Mintz, A. J. Lansky, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, K. M. Kent, G. W. Stone, and M. B. Leon Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden and CK-MB Enzyme Elevation After Coronary Interventions : Intravascular Ultrasound Study of 2256 Patients Circulation, February 15, 2000; 101(6): 604 - 610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Albiero, M. Adamian, N. Kobayashi, A. Amato, M. Vaghetti, C. Di Mario, and A. Colombo Short- and Intermediate-Term Results of 32P Radioactive {beta}-Emitting Stent Implantation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease : The Milan Dose-Response Study Circulation, January 4, 2000; 101(1): 18 - 26. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N.D Palmer, D Northridge, A Lessells, W.N McDicken, and K.A.A Fox In vitro analysis of coronary atheromatous lesions by intravascular ultrasound. Reproducibility and histological correlation of lesion morphology: Reproducibility and histological correlation of lesion morhology Eur. Heart J., December 1, 1999; 20(23): 1701 - 1706. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Mehran, G. Dangas, A. S. Abizaid, G. S. Mintz, A. J. Lansky, L. F. Satler, A. D. Pichard, K. M. Kent, G. W. Stone, and M. B. Leon Angiographic Patterns of In-Stent Restenosis : Classification and Implications for Long-Term Outcome Circulation, November 2, 1999; 100(18): 1872 - 1878. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. S. Abizaid, G. S. Mintz, A. Abizaid, R. Mehran, A. J. Lansky, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, H. Wu, K. M. Kent, and M. B. Leon One-year follow-up after intravascular ultrasound assessment of moderate left main coronary artery disease in patients with ambiguous angiograms J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 1, 1999; 34(3): 707 - 715. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. S. Turk, C. M. Strother, D. I. Crouthamel, and J. A. Zagzebski Definition of the Ostium (Neck) of an Aneurysm Revealed by Intravascular Sonography: An Experimental Study in Canines,<$DOWNLINK> AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., August 1, 1999; 20(7): 1301 - 1308. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. I. Manninen, H. T. Räsänen, R. L. Vanninen, P. Vainio, M. Hippeläinen, and V.-M. Kosma Stent Placement versus Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty of Human Carotid Arteries in Cadavers in Situ: Distal Embolization and Findings at Intravascular US, MR Imaging, and Histopathologic Analysis Radiology, August 1, 1999; 212(2): 483 - 492. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. S. Abizaid, G. S. Mintz, R. Mehran, A. Abizaid, A. J. Lansky, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, H. Wu, C. Pappas, K. M. Kent, et al. Long-Term Follow-Up After Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Was Not Performed Based on Intravascular Ultrasound Findings : Importance of Lumen Dimensions Circulation, July 20, 1999; 100(3): 256 - 261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Pethig, B. Heublein, R. R. Meliss, and A. Haverich Volumetric remodeling of the proximal left coronary artery: Early versus late after heart transplantation J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 1999; 34(1): 197 - 203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M Gyongyosi, P Yang, A Hassan, F Weidinger, H Domanovits, A Laggner, and D Glogar Arterial remodelling of native human coronary arteries in patients with unstable angina pectoris: a prospective intravascular ultrasound study Heart, July 1, 1999; 82(1): 68 - 74. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Dangas, G. S. Mintz, R. Mehran, A. J. Lansky, R. Kornowski, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, K. M. Kent, G. W. Stone, and M. B. Leon Preintervention Arterial Remodeling as an Independent Predictor of Target-Lesion Revascularization After Nonstent Coronary Intervention : An Analysis of 777 Lesions With Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging Circulation, June 22, 1999; 99(24): 3149 - 3154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Nishioka, A. M. Amanullah, H. Luo, H. Berglund, C.-J. Kim, T. Nagai, N. Hakamata, S. Katsushika, A. Uehata, B. Takase, et al. Clinical validation of intravascular ultrasound imaging for assessment of coronary stenosis severity: Comparison with stress myocardial perfusion imaging J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 1, 1999; 33(7): 1870 - 1878. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. T. Rasanen, H. I. Manninen, R. L. Vanninen, P. Vainio, M. Berg, and T. Saari Mild Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis : Assessment by 3-Dimensional Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography, With Reference to Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging and Contrast Angiography Stroke, April 1, 1999; 30(4): 827 - 833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. E. Hardt, A. Just, R. Bekeredjian, W. Kubler, H. R. Kirchheim, and H. F. Kuecherer Aortic pressure-diameter relationship assessed by intravascular ultrasound: experimental validation in dogs Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 1999; 276(3): H1078 - H1085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S C Eccleshall, P J Jordan, N P Buller, and J N Townend In vitro validation of the luminal measurement of a novel catheter based moulding technique Heart, February 1, 1999; 81(2): 206 - 211. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Z. Khan, R. W. Millard, M. Gabel, R. A. Walsh, and B. D. Hoit Effect of congestive heart failure on in vivo canine aortic elastic properties J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 1, 1999; 33(1): 267 - 272. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. A. de Vrey, G. S. Mintz, C. von Birgelen, T. Kimura, M. Noboyoshi, J. J. Popma, P. W. Serruys, and M. B. Leon Serial volumetric (three-dimensional) intravascular ultrasound analysis of restenosis after directional coronary atherectomy J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 1998; 32(7): 1874 - 1880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Akiyama, I. Moussa, B. Reimers, M. Ferraro, Y. Kobayashi, S. Blengino, L. Di Francesco, L. Finci, C. Di Mario, and A. Colombo Angiographic and clinical outcome following coronary stenting of small vessels: A comparison with coronary stenting of large vessels J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 15, 1998; 32(6): 1610 - 1618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. K. Sharma, S. Duvvuri, G. Dangas, A. Kini, R. Vidhun, K. Venu, J. A. Ambrose, and J. D. Marmur Rotational atherectomy for in-stent restenosis: acute and long-term results of the first 100 cases J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 1, 1998; 32(5): 1358 - 1365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Mehran, G. S. Mintz, M. K. Hong, F. O. Tio, O. Bramwell, A. Brahimi, K. M. Kent, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, J. J. Popma, et al. Validation of the in vivo intravascular ultrasound measurement of in-stent neointimal hyperplasia volumes J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 1, 1998; 32(3): 794 - 799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. J. Lansky, G. S. Mintz, J. J. Popma, A. D. Pichard, K. M. Kent, L. F. Satler, D. S. Baim, R. E. Kuntz, C. Simonton, R. M. Bersin, et al. Remodeling after directional coronary atherectomy (with and without adjunct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty): a serial angiographic and intravascular ultrasound analysis from the optimal atherectomy restenosis study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 1, 1998; 32(2): 329 - 337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M P Moore, T Spencer, D M Salter, P P Kearney, T R D Shaw, I R Starkey, P J Fitzgerald, R Erbel, A Lange, N W McDicken, et al. Characterisation of coronary atherosclerotic morphology by spectral analysis of radiofrequency signal: in vitro intravascular ultrasound study with histological and radiological validation Heart, May 1, 1998; 79(5): 459 - 467. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				I. Moussa, B. Reimers, J. Moses, C. Di Mario, L. Di Francesco, M. Ferraro, and A. Colombo Long-term Angiographic and Clinical Outcome of Patients Undergoing Multivessel Coronary Stenting Circulation, December 2, 1997; 96(11): 3873 - 3879. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. Hasdai, R. J. Gibbons, D. R. Holmes Jr, S. T. Higano, and A. Lerman Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Humans Is Associated With Myocardial Perfusion Defects Circulation, November 18, 1997; 96(10): 3390 - 3395. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				C. von Birgelen, E. A. de Vrey, G. S. Mintz, A. Nicosia, N. Bruining, W. Li, C. J. Slager, J. R. T. C. Roelandt, P. W. Serruys, and P. J. de Feyter ECG-Gated Three-dimensional Intravascular Ultrasound : Feasibility and Reproducibility of the Automated Analysis of Coronary Lumen and Atherosclerotic Plaque Dimensions in Humans Circulation, November 4, 1997; 96(9): 2944 - 2952. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. Albiero, T. Rau, M. Schluter, C. Di Mario, B. Reimers, D. G. Mathey, J. M. Tobis, J. Schofer, and A. Colombo Comparison of Immediate and Intermediate-Term Results of Intravascular Ultrasound Versus Angiography-Guided Palmaz-Schatz Stent Implantation in Matched Lesions Circulation, November 4, 1997; 96(9): 2997 - 3005. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. Mehran, G. S. Mintz, L. F. Satler, A. D. Pichard, K. M. Kent, T. A. Bucher, J. J. Popma, and M. B. Leon Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis With Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty : Mechanisms and Results Compared With PTCA Alone Circulation, October 7, 1997; 96(7): 2183 - 2189. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T. Kimura, S. Kaburagi, T. Tamura, H. Yokoi, Y. Nakagawa, H. Yokoi, N. Hamasaki, H. Nosaka, M. Nobuyoshi, G. S. Mintz, et al. Remodeling of Human Coronary Arteries Undergoing Coronary Angioplasty or Atherectomy Circulation, July 15, 1997; 96(2): 475 - 483. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				I. Moussa, C. Di Mario, J. Moses, B. Reimers, L. Di Francesco, G. Martini, J. Tobis, and A. Colombo Coronary Stenting After Rotational Atherectomy in Calcified and Complex Lesions : Angiographic and Clinical Follow-Up Results Circulation, July 1, 1997; 96(1): 128 - 136. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				G. S. Mintz, K. M. Kent, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, J. J. Popma, and M. B. Leon Contribution of Inadequate Arterial Remodeling to the Development of Focal Coronary Artery Stenoses : An Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, April 1, 1997; 95(7): 1791 - 1798. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. Kornowski, G. S. Mintz, K. M. Kent, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, T. A. Bucher, M. K. Hong, J. J. Popma, and M. B. Leon Increased Restenosis in Diabetes Mellitus After Coronary Interventions Is Due to Exaggerated Intimal Hyperplasia: A Serial Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, March 18, 1997; 95(6): 1366 - 1369. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. Albiero, P. Hall, A. Itoh, S. Blengino, S. Nakamura, G. Martini, M. Ferraro, and A. Colombo Results of a Consecutive Series of Patients Receiving Only Antiplatelet Therapy After Optimized Stent Implantation: Comparison of Aspirin Alone Versus Combined Ticlopidine and Aspirin Therapy Circulation, March 4, 1997; 95(5): 1145 - 1156. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Luo, T. Nishioka, N. L. Eigler, J. S. Forrester, M. C. Fishbein, H. Berglund, and R. J. Siegel Coronary Artery Restenosis After Balloon Angioplasty in Humans Is Associated With Circumferential Coronary Constriction Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 1996; 16(11): 1393 - 1398. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. Hoffmann, G. S. Mintz, G. R. Dussaillant, J. J. Popma, A. D. Pichard, L. F. Satler, K. M. Kent, J. Griffin, and M. B. Leon Patterns and Mechanisms of In-Stent Restenosis: A Serial Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, September 15, 1996; 94(6): 1247 - 1254. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y. Nakamura, H. Takemori, K. Shiraishi, I. Inoki, M. Sakagami, A. Shimakura, K. Usuda, K. Kubota, S. Takata, and K.-i. Kobayashi Compensatory Enlargement of Angiographically Normal Coronary Segments in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: In Vivo Documentation Using Intravascular Ultrasound Angiology, August 1, 1996; 47(8): 775 - 781. [Abstract] [PDF]

				G. S. Mintz, J. J. Popma, A. D. Pichard, K. M. Kent, L. F. Satler, S. Chiu Wong, M. K. Hong, J. A. Kovach, and M. B. Leon Arterial Remodeling After Coronary Angioplasty : A Serial Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, July 1, 1996; 94(1): 35 - 43. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				G. S. Mintz, J. J. Popma, A. D. Pichard, K. M. Kent, L. F. Satler, Y. Chien Chuang, R. A. DeFalco, and M. B. Leon Limitations of Angiography in the Assessment of Plaque Distribution in Coronary Artery Disease : A Systematic Study of Target Lesion Eccentricity in 1446 Lesions Circulation, March 1, 1996; 93(5): 924 - 931. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T. Nishioka, H. Luo, H. Berglund, N. L. Eigler, C.-J. Kim, S. W. Tabak, and R. J. Siegel Absence of Focal Compensatory Enlargement or Constriction in Diseased Human Coronary Saphenous Vein Bypass Grafts : An Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, February 15, 1996; 93(4): 683 - 690. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. L. Evans, K.-H. Ng, S. G. Wiet, M. J. Vonesh, W. B. Burns, M. G. Radvany, B. J. Kane, C. J. Davidson, S. I. Roth, B. L. Kramer, et al. Accurate Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Intravascular Ultrasound Data : Spatially Correct Three-Dimensional Reconstructions Circulation, February 1, 1996; 93(3): 567 - 576. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				G. S. Mintz, J. A. Kovach, S. P. Javier, A. D. Pichard, K. M. Kent, J. J. Popma, L. F. Salter, and M. B. Leon Mechanisms of Lumen Enlargement After Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty : An Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, December 15, 1995; 92(12): 3408 - 3414. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. J. Bank, R. F. Wilson, S. H. Kubo, J. E. Holte, T. J. Dresing, and H. Wang Direct Effects of Smooth Muscle Relaxation and Contraction on In Vivo Human Brachial Artery Elastic Properties Circ. Res., November 1, 1995; 77(5): 1008 - 1016. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				V. Schachinger and A. M. Zeiher Quantitative Assessment of Coronary Vasoreactivity in Humans In Vivo : Importance of Baseline Vasomotor Tone in Atherosclerosis Circulation, October 15, 1995; 92(8): 2087 - 2094. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. A. Kovach, J. S. Gottdiener, and R. L. Verrier Vagal Modulation of Epicardial Coronary Artery Size in Dogs : A Two-Dimensional Intravascular Ultrasound Study Circulation, October 15, 1995; 92(8): 2291 - 2298. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. T. Higano, M. Gaffney, R. A. Nishimura, and C. G. A. McGregor Intravascular Ultrasound to Assess Anastomotic Patency After Lung Transplantation Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 1995; 60(2): 442 - 444. [Abstract] [Full Text]