Neutrophils as potential participants in acute myocardial ischemia: relevance to reperfusion

Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville.

An interaction among leukocytes, platelets and endothelial cells is important in atherogenesis and in maintenance of blood flow and vascular tone. These complex cell-cell interactions are mediated by release of such metabolic substances as arachidonic acid metabolites, growth factors, oxygen free radicals and endothelium-derived relaxing factor. These substances participate in the regulation of blood flow in health and disease, and perturbation in the delicate equilibrium among various cellular elements may lead to evolution and propagation of myocardial ischemia. During reperfusion of ischemic myocardium, neutrophils together with platelets cause capillary plugging in the coronary microcirculation and exert detrimental effects on endothelial function resulting in the "no reflow" phenomenon, ventricular arrythmias, loss of coronary vascular reserve and, perhaps, extension of cellular injury. This review addresses the mechanisms of cell-cell interactions with special reference to myocardial ischemia and the potential for development of improved therapy to protect and preserve ischemic myocardium.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. B. Segel, M. W. Halterman, and M. A. Lichtman The paradox of the neutrophil's role in tissue injury J. Leukoc. Biol., March 1, 2011; 89(3): 359 - 372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Mallika, B. Goswami, and M. Rajappa Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology and the Role of Novel Risk Factors: A Clinicobiochemical Perspective Angiology, November 1, 2007; 58(5): 513 - 522. [Abstract] [PDF]

				M. Sezer, I. Okcular, T. Goren, H. Oflaz, Y. Nisanci, B. Umman, F. Mercanoglu, A. K Bilge, M. Meric, and S. Umman Association of haematological indices with the degree of microvascular injury in patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention Heart, March 1, 2007; 93(3): 313 - 318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Madjid, I. Awan, J. T. Willerson, and S. W. Casscells Leukocyte count and coronary heart disease: Implications for risk assessment J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 16, 2004; 44(10): 1945 - 1956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Kin, Z.-Q. Zhao, H.-Y. Sun, N.-P. Wang, J. S. Corvera, M. E. Halkos, F. Kerendi, R. A. Guyton, and J. Vinten-Johansen Postconditioning attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting events in the early minutes of reperfusion Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 2004; 62(1): 74 - 85. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Vinten-Johansen Involvement of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of lethal myocardial reperfusion injury Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2004; 61(3): 481 - 497. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Kunichika, O. Ben-Yehuda, S. Lafitte, N. Kunichika, B. Peters, and A. N. DeMaria Effects of glycoprotein iib/iiia inhibition on microvascular flow after coronary reperfusion: A quantitative myocardial contrast echocardiography study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 21, 2004; 43(2): 276 - 283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Singh and H. K. Saini Resident Cardiac Mast Cells and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, June 1, 2003; 8(2): 135 - 148. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. Vinten-Johansen, Z.-Q. Zhao, J. S. Corvera, C. D. Morris, J. M. Budde, V. H. Thourani, and R. A. Guyton Adenosine in myocardial protection in on-pump and off-pump cardiac surgery Ann. Thorac. Surg., February 1, 2003; 75(2): S691 - S699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z.-Q. Zhao and J. Vinten-Johansen Myocardial apoptosis and ischemic preconditioning Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2002; 55(3): 438 - 455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. E. Jordan, M. C. Montalto, and G. L. Stahl Inhibition of Mannose-Binding Lectin Reduces Postischemic Myocardial Reperfusion Injury Circulation, September 18, 2001; 104(12): 1413 - 1418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Roth, B. Kraus, T. Scheffold, O. Reuthebuch, W. P. Klovekorn, and E. P. Bauer The effect of leukocyte-depleted blood cardioplegia in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction: A randomized, double-blind study J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., October 1, 2000; 120(4): 642 - 650. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Nakamura, N.-P. Wang, Z.-Q. Zhao, J. N Wilcox, V. Thourani, R. A Guyton, and J. Vinten-Johansen Preconditioning decreases Bax expression, PMN accumulation and apoptosis in reperfused rat heart Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 2000; 45(3): 661 - 670. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. H. Thourani, R. S. Ronson, D. G.L. Van Wylen, S. T. Shearer, S. L. Katzmark, Z.-Q. Zhao, D. C. Han, R. A. Guyton, and J. Vinten-Johansen Adenosine-Supplemented Blood Cardioplegia Attenuates Postischemic Dysfunction After Severe Regional Ischemia Circulation, November 9, 1999; 100(90002): II-376 - II-383. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.L Mehta and D.Y Li Inflammation in ischemic heart disease: Response to tissue injury or a pathogenetic villain? Cardiovasc Res, August 1, 1999; 43(2): 291 - 299. [Full Text] [PDF]

				N.-P. Wang, B. L. Bufkin, M. Nakamura, Z.-Q. Zhao, J. N. Wilcox, K. O. Hewan-Lowe, R. A. Guyton, and J. Vinten-Johansen Ischemic preconditioning reduces neutrophil accumulation and myocardial apoptosis Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 1999; 67(6): 1689 - 1695. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. T.M. Tang, P. Geraghty, M. J. Dascombe, J. C. Jarvis, S. Salmons, and T. L. Hooper Nitroglycerine reduces neutrophil activation and acute damage in latissimus dorsi muscle grafts Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 1998; 66(6): 2015 - 2021. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T.-L. Wang, H. Chang, C.-R. Hung, and Y.-Z. Tseng Morphine preconditioning attenuates neutrophil activation in rat models of myocardial infarction Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 1998; 40(3): 557 - 563. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Li, B. Yang, and J. L. Mehta Ox-LDL induces apoptosis in human coronary artery endothelial cells: role of PKC, PTK, bcl-2, and Fas Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 1998; 275(2): H568 - H576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Sato, J. E. Jordan, Z.-Q. Zhao, S. S. Sarvotham, and J. Vinten-Johansen Gradual Reperfusion Reduces Infarct Size and Endothelial Injury but Augments Neutrophil Accumulation Ann. Thorac. Surg., October 1, 1997; 64(4): 1099 - 1107. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. E. Jordan, Z.-Q. Zhao, H. Sato, S. Taft, and J. Vinten-Johansen Adenosine A2 Receptor Activation Attenuates Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Neutrophil Accumulation, Superoxide Generation and Coronary Endothelial Adherence J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., January 1, 1997; 280(1): 301 - 309. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				E. M. Boyle Jr, T. H. Pohlman, C. J. Cornejo, and E. D. Verrier Endothelial Cell Injury in Cardiovascular Surgery: Ischemia-Reperfusion Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 1996; 62(6): 1868 - 1875. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. Todd, Z.-Q. Zhao, M. W. Williams, H. Sato, D. G. L. Van Wylen, and J. Vinten-Johansen Intravascular Adenosine at Reperfusion Reduces Infarct Size and Neutrophil Adherence Ann. Thorac. Surg., November 1, 1996; 62(5): 1364 - 1372. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A.M. Elneihoum, P. Falke, L. Axelsson, E. Lundberg, F. Lindgarde, and K. Ohlsson Leukocyte Activation Detected by Increased Plasma Levels of Inflammatory Mediators in Patients With Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases Stroke, October 1, 1996; 27(10): 1734 - 1738. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y. Sawa, K. Taniguchi, K. Kadoba, M. Nishimura, H. Ichikawa, A. Amemiya, T. Kuratani, and H. Matsuda Leukocyte Depletion Attenuates Reperfusion Injury in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Circulation, May 1, 1996; 93(9): 1640 - 1646. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				B.C. Yang, J.C. Williams, and J.L. Mehta Protective Effect of Elastase Inhibition Against Myocardial Dysfunction and Injury Induced by Ischemia and Reperfusion in Isolated Rat Hearts Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, January 1, 1996; 1(1): 31 - 39. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Y. Ohnishi, M. C. Butterfield, J. E. Saffitz, B. E. Sobel, P. B. Corr, and J. A. Goldstein Deleterious Effects of a Systemic Lytic State on Reperfused Myocardium : Minimization of Reperfusion Injury and Enhanced Recovery of Myocardial Function by Direct Angioplasty Circulation, August 1, 1995; 92(3): 500 - 510. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. R. Hansen Role of Neutrophils in Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Circulation, March 15, 1995; 91(6): 1872 - 1885. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				N. Fukushima, R. Shirakura, S. Nakata, M. Kaneko, S. Miyagawa, Y. Naka, J.-C. Chang, G. Matsumiya, S. Nakano, and H. Matsuda Study of efficacies of leukocyte-depleted terminal blood cardioplegia in 24-hour preserved hearts Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 1994; 58(6): 1651 - 1656. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Y. Sawa, J. Schaper, M. Roth, K. Nagasawa, G. Ballagi, N. Bleese, and W. Schaper Platelet-activating factor plays an important role in reperfusion injury in myocardiumEfficacy of platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist (CV-3988) as compared with leukocyte-depleted reperfusion J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., November 1, 1994; 108(5): 953 - 959. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. Leor, N. Varda-Bloom, D. Hasdai, Z. Ovadia, and A. Battler Failure of Captopril to Attenuate Myocardial Damage, Neutrophil Accumulation, and Mortality Following Coronary Artery Occlusion and Reperfusion in Rat Angiology, August 1, 1994; 45(8): 717 - 724. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. Belch The white blood cell as a risk factor for thrombotic vascular disease Vascular Medicine, September 1, 1990; 1(2): 203 - 213. [PDF]