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Figure 4 Immunostaining for Markers of Angiogenesis in Patients With Reversible PHT and Irreversible PHT Compared With Control Patients

Endothelial immunostaining (arrows) for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (A) is more pronounced in irreversible pulmonary hypertension (PHT) than in reversible PHT and weakly expressed in control patients. Immunostaining for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (B) is weak in reversible PHT and control patients and strongly expressed in endothelial cells in irreversible PHT. Strong endothelial CD34 immunostaining (arrows) shows neovessels surrounding pulmonary arteries with severe intimal damage (C).