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Figure 5 Pro-Oxidative Enzymes in Normal and Stenotic Aortic Valves

(A) Expression of subunits of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in normal (n = 16) and stenotic aortic valves (n = 15 valves, with 15 noncalcified and 15 calcifed regions). (B) The NADPH oxidase activity in normal (n = 8 base and tip regions) and stenotic aortic valves (n = 14 calcified and noncalcified regions). Effects of inhibitors of enzymatic sources of superoxide in noncalcified (C) and calcified (D) regions of stenotic aortic valves measured with lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (n = 5 to 11/group). APO = apocynin; DPI = diphenylidonium; RLU = relative light units; other abbreviations as in Figures 1 and 3.