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Figure 1 Dual Optical Mapping of Failed Defibrillation With Monophasic and Successful Defibrillation With Biphasic Shocks

The left panels of A and B show the time course of the average fluorescence of the entire mapped region after a monophasic (upper trace) or biphasic shock (lower trace). Right color panels show fluorescence intensity snapshots after a failed shock (400 V) delivered at 0 ms. Red, blue, and green line segments indicate the time of shock, the time of intracellular calcium (Ca_i) sinkhole formation, and the end of the isoelectric window, respectively. The yellow plus symbols on maximum shock (Vm) maps are at the same location as the yellow plus symbols on the Ca_i maps. White and green arrows indicate Ca_i sinkhole and first post-shock activation, respectively.