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Figure 5 Transseptal Equipment Modified for Percutaneous Use

The straight stylet (B) is used for insertion of the curved transseptal catheter (A) from the femoral vein into the right atrium. The modified transseptal needle (C) has a 21-gauge needle tip to reduce hazard from accidental puncture of the aorta or atrial wall, and the catheter (E) has side holes (to enhance injection of contrast medium) and a tapered tip to facilitate entry into the femoral vein and traversal of the atrial septum. (D) Detail of transseptal needle tip. Reprinted with permission from Brockenbrough et al. (9).