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Figure 1 Pedigrees Depicting the 38 HLHS Kindreds

Cardiovascular phenotype is represented by a box in the left upper quadrant for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), in the right upper quadrant for an abnormal aortic valve (including bicuspid aortic valve), and in the right lower quadrant for other cardiovascular malformation (CVM). An empty symbol represents a normal cardiovascular phenotype, and a U denotes an individual not evaluated (unknown). Circles = female patients; squares = male patients. Probands indicated by arrows.