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Figure 6 Cell Shortening and the Corresponding Ca²⁺ Transient in Cardiomyocytes

(A) Dose-dependent effect of CV on cell shortening in normal and failing (4W-paced) cardiomyocytes. (B and C) Effect of forskolin (500 nmol/l) on cell shortening and Ca²⁺ transient in normal (B) and failing cardiomyocytes (C), in the presence of CV (30 nmol/l, incubated for 12 h) or DPc10-incorporation. (D) Estimated SR Ca²⁺ content by caffeine (20 mmol/l) application in the presence of CV (30 nmol/l, incubated for 12 h) or DPc10-incorporation. (E) 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence images in normal and failing cardiomyocytes in presence of CV (30 nmol/l, incubated for 12 h) or DPc10-incorporation. Confocal microscopy clearly detects the DCFH-DA fluorescence signal indicated as green in failing cardiomyocytes. Cell surface membrane was fluorescently labeled as red by wheat germ agglutinin (Alexa Fluor 633 conjugate; Molecular Probes). Abbreviations as in Figure 3.