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Figure 4 Angiogenic circuits in the heart. (A) Immunohistochemical staining for isolectin B4 in in-situ fixed myocardial cross-section shows reduced capillary density in 4-month-old -MHC-Cre^tg/–; STAT3^flox/flox male mice compared with age-matched wild-type (WT) sibling males (67). (B) Chronic pressure overload augments capillary density in JunD knockout male mice (JunD^–/–) to a higher degree than in WT sibling male mice, as shown by triple staining for isolectin B4 (yellow), cell membrane marker wheat germ agglutinin (red), and nuclear stain Hoechst (blue) (101). (C) Immunohistochemical staining shows high expression of CCN1 protein in cardiomyocytes and blood vessels of a left ventricular (LV) section from a patient with end-stage heart failure caused by ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) compared with low CCN1 staining in a LV section from a nonfailing human heart. The MHC staining of a serial ICM section with an antibody-detecting sarcomeric myosin heavy chain identifies cardiomyocytes as a source of CCN1 (106). Other abbreviations as in Figure 3.