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Figure 1 Changes in left ventricular (LV) and systemic hemodynamics in conscious dogs with severe dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) after treatment with carvedilol (n = 10) (open bars) versus metoprolol controlled release/extended release (CR/XL) (n = 8) (solid bars). Five dogs served as control subjects (gray bars) in which pacing was suspended after DCM developed but no therapy was initiated. LV dP/dt = maximal rate of left ventricular systolic pressure development; LVEDP = left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; MAP = mean arterial pressure; SVR = systemic vascular resistance. *p < 0.05 compared with carvedilol; p < 0.05 compared with metoprolol CR/XL.