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Figure 1 Linear regression equation for the meridional end-systolic wall stress-velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCFc) relationship for the African American control population with ± 2 SDs onto which individual sickle cell anemia data points for the meridional end-systolic wall stress-VCFc relationship are plotted. Solid line = healthy African-American patients; VCFc = 1.48 to 0.007 (meridional end-systolic wall stress), r = 0.7; n = 50; X = sickle cell anemia patients, n = 57. LV = left ventricular.