Click on image to view larger version.

Figure 3 Effect of the variation in stroke volume on the effective orifice area (EOA) measured by Doppler and the EOA measured by particle image velocimetry (PIV) for the bioprosthetic valve (A) and the 1.5-cm² (A), 1.0-cm² (B), and 0.5-cm² (B) rigid circular orifices.