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Figure 7 Diseased endothelium with non-laminar flow, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) deposition, cell adhesion molecule (CAM) expression, macrophage migration, tissue factor (TF), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression leading to smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and vasa vasorum neovascularization. PDGF = platelet-derived growth factor; PAI-1 = plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; TXA2 = thromboxane A2.