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Figure 2 Representative three-dimensional electroanatomic voltage map (CARTO) depicting left atrial scarring (LAS) in a patient included in this study. Gray regions indicate areas of electrical silence (scar). Red regions indicate areas of abnormal atrial endocardium as defined by a voltage of <0.5 mV. In this case, scarred and abnormal regions constitute almost two-thirds of the atrial surface. The colored tube structures represent the four PVs and their associated branches.