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Figure 7 Prevention of rapid electrical stimulation (RES)-induced upregulation of connexin (Cx)43 by specific mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors. Connexin43 proteins levels before (0 min) and after RES for 60 min in the absence and presence of 50 µmol/l PD98059 (a MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase inhibitor), 50 µmol/l SP600125 (a selective c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinases [JNK] inhibitor), and 10 µmol/l SB203580 (a p38 and JNK2 inhibitor). Values were normalized to baseline in the control medium (mean ± SD, n = 8). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 vs. baseline.