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Figure 3 Data were log-transformed before analysis. For ease of interpretation, the mean values ± SEM were transformed from the log scale back to the usual scale (mg/dl) in subjects undergoing 10 consecutive days of short-term partial sleep deprivation (n = 4, squares) and control subjects (n = 5, diamonds). Significance of difference in change from baseline to day 10 between groups (p < 0.08 for interaction) by mixed-models analysis of variance on log-transformed data: the change from baseline to day 10 for the short-term partial sleep deprivation group was significant (p < 0.05), whereas the change from baseline to day 10 in the control subjects was not significant (p = 0.72). The horizontal lines indicate risk boundaries (mild to highest) of C-reactive protein (CRP) quintiles derived from analysis of >5,000 apparently healthy Americans (16).