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Figure 1 Branch tree diagram illustrating enrollment and assignment of Assessment of Cardioversion Using Transesophageal Echocardiography (ACUTE) patients and how patients with spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm were identified for the analysis. Patients were randomly assigned to either the transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)-guided or conventional treatment groups. In the TEE arm, patients who underwent SC either before TEE-guided direct current cardioversion (DCC) or who had no TEE were enrolled in the ancillary study. In the conventional arm, patients who underwent SC before DCC were enrolled. Patients who were in the DCC not-done category and did not have spontaneous conversion had other outcomes such as medical complications, surgery, or thrombi or were not therapeutically anticoagulated. AAA* = antiarrhythmic agents: Vaughn-Williams type 1 and 3; patients on these agents were excluded from the analysis.