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Figure 5 Computerized mapping of atrial fibrillation (AF) termination. (A) Electrograms from the right superior pulmonary vein (a–h locations are indicated in the lower panels) and left atrium (LA) are shown. Complex activity was seen during AF from the beginning until activation #1. At that time, the activation patterns abruptly changed to regular activity (beats 1, 2, and 3) before a long pause, which was followed by a final activation in pulmonary vein (PV) (beat 4) and then by sinus rhythm. In (B), the first six panels show complex activations in the PV during AF. Activation patterns indicated by numbers 1 to 4 in the upper panel of A are shown in the bottom row. An isochronal map of beat 1 shows an activation that invaded the PV from the LA. Beats 2 to 4 show that the early activation sites (blue arrows in bottom panel) were in the PV, with wavefronts propagating in the direction of the LA and the distal PV.