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Figure 1 Incidence and relative risk (RR) of sudden death (SD) among athletes (solid columns) and non-athletes (open columns) from cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes. Athletes had a 2.8 RR of cardiovascular SD (confidence interval [CI] 1.9 to 3.7; p < 0.001), as compared with a 1.7 RR of non-cardiovascular SD (CI 0.3 to 5.7; p = 0.39).