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Figure 1 Terminal deoxy-nucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining in the left ventricle (mean ± SE, n = 5 to 7) of rats pretreated for 7 to 10 days with nicotine (6 mg/kg/day) versus saline (miniosmotic pump) and then injected with intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/kg) versus vehicle. After 24 h, LPS increased TUNEL staining in saline pretreated rats (*p < 0.05, saline-LPS compared with other three groups).