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Figure 2 Upregulation of endothelial-type nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) by the French red wine "L.Chevaliers" in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The eNOS mRNA expression was quantified with RNase protection assay. Ribonucleic acids were prepared from HUVEC cells incubated either for 24 h with ethanol (EtOH-Co, 1.25%, v/v) or with the red wine "L.Chevaliers" (L. Chev., 10% v/v). The left panel shows an autoradiograph of a representative gel of an RNase protection experiment. T: tRNA control; N: eNOS antisense probe alone; G: GAPDH antisense probe alone; M: molecular weight markers. The right panel shows densitometric analyses of three different gels. Bars represent means ± SEM. Asterisks indicate significant differences from ethanol-treated cells (***p < 0.001; by the Student t test for unpaired data).