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Figure 2 Relationship between valve effective orifice area (EOA) measured by a catheter using the net transvalvular pressure gradient (EOA_cath) and EOA measured by Doppler echocardiography (EOA_Dop) or, in the case of the data from Schöbel et al. (14), the EOA measured by a catheter using the maximal transvalvular pressure gradient (EOA_cath/max). Open triangles, open squares, and closed circles represent in vitro data (n = 172), animal data (n = 65), and data from Schöbel (n = 37), respectively. The solid and dotted lines represent the identity and regression lines, respectively. The regression line was constructed including the whole data set (in vitro, animal, and patient data).