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Figure 6 Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) as an overload indicator, several apoptosis inhibitors, apoptosis-inducing caspases and mitochondrially localized proteins in the left ventricles of terminally failing hearts treated with or without beta-blockers. Values are given in optical density units normalized to donor organ values. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001. AIF = apoptosis-inducing factor; FLIP = flice-like inhibitory protein.