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Figure 2 The beat-to-beat change in pulsed Doppler MV and PV velocities in patients with atrial fibrillation without constrictive pericarditis. In the subjects with atrial fibrillation without constrictive pericarditis, early diastolic MV and PV velocities become greater with long filling intervals as shown by white arrows regardless of the phase of respiration. D = pulmonary venous diastolic wave; E = mitral inflow early filling wave; Exp = expiration; Insp = inspiration; MV = mitral inflow; PV = pulmonary venous; S = pulmonary venous systolic wave.