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Figure 1 Representative Southern blot hybridization analysis of enteroviral polymerase chain reaction products. Strand-specific enteroviral RNA detection in the myocardium from four different patients is shown. In lanes 3, 5, 7 and 9, RT-PCR was performed with 3' enteroviral primer for RT. The signals seen in lanes 5 and 9 correspond to enteroviral plus-strand cDNA. In lanes 4, 6, 8 and 10, RT-PCR was carried out with 5' enteroviral primer for RT. The signal seen in lane 6 corresponds to enteroviral minus-strand cDNA. In summary, Patient 1 (lanes 5 and 6) shows active enteroviral replication (minus-strand detectable). Patient 9 (lanes 9 and 10) shows latent virus persistence (not minus-strand detectable). Patient 11 (lanes 3 and 4) and Patient 18 (lanes 7 and 8) are negative for enteroviral genome. Lane 1 = positive control of coxsackie B1 cloned DNA. Lane 2 = negative control. Patients No. 1, 9, 11 and 18; see Table 1. cDNA = complementary DNA; RT-PCR = reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.