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Figure 4 The effect of intravenous injection of pirenzepine (0.16, 0.32, 0.64 and 1.25 mg, 20 min per dose step) on heart rate in healthy volunteers (n = 6) and HD patients (n = 5). Values are given as means ± SEM.. There were no significant differences between both groups. Baseline heart rate: healthy, 57 ± 2; HD patients, 70 ± 3 beats/min; p < 0.05).