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Figure 1 The effect of intravenous isoprenaline on changes in heart rate (beat/min) in HD patients and healthy volunteers. Values are given as means ± SEM. Significant differences between both groups are indicated by an asterisk (p < 0.05). Basal values: HD patients, 66 ± 4 (n = 4); healthy, 55 ± 3 beats/min (n = 6).