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Figure 3 Mean changes from baseline in sitting (A) or standing (B) heart rate after ISMN administration. Oral ISMN (20 mg) and oral sildenafil (50 mg) or placebo were administered at time 0, as indicated by the arrow. Baseline (time 0) is the average of the measurements taken immediately before sildenafil or placebo administration. Values represent mean ± SEM; n = 16; bpm = beats per minute; HR = heart rate; ISMN = isosorbide mononitrate.